242 



The Guernsey Breed 



for Guernsey cream to supply to their customers for table 

 use. Many of the great city hotels now have for table use 

 Guernsey milk and cream either from farms of their own or 

 purchased from the producer. 



A corporation owning three of the largest hotels in 

 Boston has a farm in. New Hampshire where milk and cream 

 and butter are produced for their hotels ; and in a booklet 

 describing the farm and its products, they say that the Guern- 

 se>- milk and cream are reserA'ed for table use on account of 

 their color, while the product of the other breeds is made 

 into butter, since artificial color may be used to bring the 

 coliir up to the required standard. 



The best opportunity e\'er afforded to study the question 

 of the color of the milk- and butter of different breeds was 

 that offered by the "model dairy" at the Pan-American Ex- 

 position in Buft'alo in 1901. A record of this work is given 

 in this book in the chapter on "Guernseys in Public Tests." 



C. L. Fitch, now of Greeley, Colo., carried out some very 

 interesting experiments wdiile superintendent of the Hoard 

 creameries at Fort Atkinson, Wis., to determine the amount 

 of color the cow puts into the butter. It is best to let him 

 explain it in his own words : 



"The cows and the sunshine and the feed put some coloring 

 matter into the butter, and buttermakers add enough to bring up the 

 total to the most desirable shade of butter in June. 



"Now, by a simple method it is possible, without separate churn- 

 ings of uncolored butter, to tell what amount of color in terms of the 

 artificial color the cows are supplying. Knowing this amount, the 

 differences can easily be added to any churning to produce any de- 

 sired shade or various shades desired, or uniform color can be ob- 

 tained from the differing natural colored cream. This is what Major 

 Alvord called 'the solution of the btitter coloring question.' The 

 natural method is demonstrated li^r the writer. 



Natural method butter Ct.iloriiip s\ stem. 



"The apparatus is a hardwood case, having seven half ounces in 

 tin bo.xes set into holes in the lower half, with a hollow cover carry- 

 ing a label with directions, and the amount of color in each shade 

 sample per 100 pounds. Tlie shades run from pure white in No. 00 



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