70 Western Live-stock Management 



formerly. Investigations by the Missouri Station showed 

 that over half of the feeders in that and adjoining states 

 have discarded winter feeding. Steers for summer fatten- 

 ing are usually bought in the fall and roughed through 

 the winter without grain. 



As an adjunct to beef -raising, in almost all of the eastern 

 states, hogs are allowed to run with the steers and clean 

 up the droppings. A considerable part of the corn passes 

 through the steers undigested and is utilized by the hogs 

 following. When ear corn is fed, the hogs will obtain 

 from 10 to 20 per cent of the grain fed, not counting the 

 cob. With ground corn they secure less. Sometimes 

 the hogs have no other food, but when a large number 

 of hogs are used some extra grain must be fed. The 

 droppings are more completely utilized by stock hogs 

 that are not obtaining all the grain they will eat. With 

 whole corn, one to three hogs may follow each steer, 

 while with ground corn one hog will clean up after 

 two or three steers, or even more, in which case they 

 will not repay more than 4 or 5 per cent of the cost of 

 the feed. 



The system of feeding above outlined is practiced 

 throughout the corn-producing states, and thousands of 

 cattle are fattened in this manner every winter. In the 

 slates following this method of cattle-feeding, the experi- 

 ment stations have conducted a large amount of valuable 

 experimental work along the line of fattening steers, and 

 have published many good bulletins. Nearly all of the 

 books as well as bulletins on cattle feeding have likewise 

 been published in the Corn-Belt. Consequently 95 per 

 cent of the literature on cattle feeding refers to a system of 

 feeding practically the same as outlined above. On this 

 account we have described this system somewhat in detail 



