364 Western Live-stock Management 



taken that no undue cruelty is used with the jacks, as 

 they are often timid and therefore must be encouraged 

 rather than discouraged. 



In the handUng of jacks with jennets the problem is 

 simpler, and usually no trouble will be encountered. Oc- 

 casionally jacks will be found that will breed both mares 

 and jennets, but such is not commonly the case. When 

 such practice is followed, the mares are bred in the early 

 season with the jennets, waiting until after the main part 

 of the mare season is over. 



MARKET REQUIREMENTS 



The type of jacks and jennets demanded in America at 

 the present time is best defined as an American type. 

 This type has been developed by the use of jacks and 

 jennets from several different countries, but under the 

 direction of breeders located largely in Kentucky, Ten- 

 nessee, and Missouri. These jacks have developed into 

 a larger type than the imported ones and are usually 

 termed Mammoth jacks. The main requirements for a 

 good breeding jack are large bone, large heart girth, 

 strongly coupled back and ribs, a large head arid large 

 ears. The finer jacks will not produce as large a mule, 

 and therefore are not to be desired. The general type 

 of jennet is similar to that of the jack, except that she is 

 naturally smaller. Many jacks are found throughout 

 the country that are nothing more than large burros and 

 are not desired by the breeders. 



HINNEY PRODUCTION 



The hinney is produced by the opposite cross from the 

 mule; that is, by breeding a stallion and a jennet. 



