l88 BORAGINACEAE (BORAGE FAMILY) 



Corolla sympetalous, 5-lobed. Stamens as many as the corolla 

 lobes and alternate with them, on the corolla. Ovary superior, 

 usually of 2 or 4 somewhat globose lohes with a common style from be- 

 tween them; ovules 4 ; style entire to 2-parted. Fruit of two 2-seeded 

 carpels or of four i-seeded nutlets. — Difficult family; keys largely 

 based upon mature fruit. Keys to species mostly omitted. (F. & R. 

 pp. 321-330.) 

 A. Ovary undivided, sometimes 2-4-grooved; style at tip of ovary. 



B. Plant hairy, prostrate, annual; leaves ovate to rounded, 4-8 mm. long; style 

 2-cleJt or -parted. E. — (Honor of C. Golden, a colonial Lieutenant-Governor 

 of N. Y.) Coldenia nuttallii 



BB. Plant glabrous, spreading, perennial; leaves obovate to linear, 25-50 mm. 



long; style entire or none. E. — (Gk. helos = the sun, trope = a turn; refers to 



flowering at the summer solstice.) Heliotropium curassavicum (heliotrope) 



AA. Ovary 4-cleft or -divided; style arising from between the parts of the ovary. 



C. Prickles of the nutlets barbed. 



D. Nutlets spreading, prickly all over; flowers blue. CYNOGLOSSUM (p. 189) 



DD. Nutlets erect, prickly on the margin and sometimes on the back; flowers 



variously colored. — (Diminutive of L. lappa = a burr; referring to the fruit.) 



Lappula (stickseed) 

 CC. Prickles of the nutlets hooked; flowers white. — (Gk. pekteo = comblike, 

 karyon = a nut; from the comblike margin of the nutlets of some species.) 



Pectocarya 

 CCC. Prickles of the nutlets neither barbed nor hooked, or none at all. 



E. Nutlets attached laterally to a pyramid-like projection of the receptacle. 

 F. Calyx with 5 wide flat lobes and 5 smaller ones alternating with them; 

 corolla blue. E. — (L. asper = rough; referring to the leaves.) 



Asperugo procumbens (madwort) 

 FF. Calyx simply s-lobed, without the 5 smaller alternating ones. 

 G. Lower leaves opposite. — (Gk. alios = another, karyon = a nut; that 

 is, another kind of nutlet.) Allocarya 



GG. Leaves all alternate. 

 H. Flowers yellow. 



I. Annual; scar of nutlets ovate or oblong; throat of corolla naked or 

 merely with hairy tufts within. AMSINCKIA (p. 190) 



n. Biennial or perennial; scar of nutlets very slender; throat of the 

 corolla with prominent folds within. OREOCARYA (p. 190) 



HH. Flowers white. 

 J. Stems repeatedly dichotomously branched; annual. 

 K. Sepals distinct to the base; ventral groove of the nutlets not forked 

 at base; most of the leaves in a basal tuft. E. — (Gk. eremos = solitary, 

 karyon = a nut. Application not clear.) Eremocarya micrantha 



KK. Sepals distinct to the middle; ventral groove of the nutlets forked 

 at base; leaves scattered, not mostly basal. E. — (Gk. piptein = to 

 fall; + calyx; the upper part of the calyx is deciduous.) 



Piptocalyx circumscissus 

 JJ. Stems not dichotomously branched; annual or perennial. 



