152 A MANUAL OF THE CONIFJSRiE. 



Pinus Pallasiana.— A tree of the P. Laricio type, with the pyra- 

 midal outline less elongated, owing to the lengthening of the branches, 

 and a corresponding diminution in the height of the trunk. It is well 

 furnished with shining deep green foliage, the leaves being about 

 6 inches long, rigid, erect, or sub-erect, and thickly set towards the 

 extremities of the branches. The cones are somewhat larger than those 

 of P. Laricio. 



Habitat. — The Crimea, forming forests of considerable extent on the 

 slopes of the mountains in the neighbourhood of the south coast. 



Introduced by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, in 1790. 



Although Pinus Pallasiana can only be regarded botanically as a variety 

 of P. Laricio, it is, in a horticultural sense, quite distinct, and as an 

 ornamental tree for the park and landscape it should be preferred to 

 P. Laricio, but never substituted for it if planted for the sake of its 

 timber. According to Loudon, * who quotes Professor Pallas, the 

 discoverer of this Pine, and after whom it has been named, the wood 

 is very knotty and resinous, and very durable, but difficult to form into 

 good planks on account of the number of the knots. 



Pinus Pinaster. — A beautiful tree, of pyramidal habit, attaining a 

 height of from 60 to 80 feet, well distinguished by the following 

 characters: — The bark is coarse and deeply furrowed, even in the young 

 trees, and especially towards the base; the leaves are stiff, broad, stout, 

 from 8 to 12 inches long, and of a pleasing bright green colour; and 

 the cones, which when mature are of a yellowish-brown or fawn colour, 

 are produced in dense clusters around the base of the shoots of the 

 current year. 



Habitat. — The Mediterranean countries of Europe, chiefly in the 

 neighbourhood of the coast, also in Algiers. It is particularly abundant 

 in the south of Portugal, in many parts of Spain, and* in the west and 

 south of France. 



Introduced into England by Gerard, in 1596. 



Pinus Pinaster ferutia. — Although occasionally met with in collec- 

 tions, it is not sufficiently hardy for general use. It is a medium-sized 

 tree, with spreading branches and slender wavy leaves, 9 inches long. 



It is a native of Calabria, in the south of Italy. 



liotanists are not agreed as to which species the Calabrian Pine 



* Ari. et Frut, p. 2209. 



