THE BIRD PHOTOGRAPHER'S OUTFIT 19 
birds a lens having a focal length of at least four- 
teen inches will be found the most satisfactory. 
It should be added that, in order to make them 
wholly comparable, the three contact prints as well 
4. The bird in Test No. 3 enlarged about three diameters. 
as the enlargements were made on enameled bromide 
paper. 
The Shutter—For fairly rapid, slow, and time 
exposures, a lens shutter, such as is sold with trade 
cameras, will be found suitable. Simplicity and 
noiselessness are the chief requirements in this kind 
of ashutter. The “Iris Diaphragm” shutter is noise- 
