Nests in Trees, Bushes, or Vines 



587. Chewink; Towhee : Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linn.) 



Eggs white, tinged with blue or pink, evenly speckled and 

 rarely blotched with brown. 



See Page 64, Chapter 11. 



587a. White-eyed Chewink, or Towhee : P. e. alleni 



Coues 



Eggs bluish white, unmarked or thickly speckled with pinkish 

 vinaceous and pearly gray. 



See Page 64, Chapter II. 



593. Cardinal; Red-bird: Cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.) 



Adult $ — Rich red or cardinal ; wings and back tinged with reddish 

 gray; throat and region round bill black; crest conspicuous. 



Adult ? — Upper parts brownish, with a tinge of dull purplish ; 

 under parts lighter and more gray, with a tinge of red; crest 

 dull red. Length — 8.25. 



Breeding Range — From Florida northward ; common locally in 

 northern New Jersey, less common in southern New York, 

 and rare as far north as southern New England. 



The nest is in a bush, usually in a thick tangle, either in a damp 

 or dry place, at a height of from three to twelve feet from the 

 ground. 



It is composed of twigs, tendrils, grape-vine bark, leaves, 

 coarse grass, and fine roots, lined with tine grass, roots, and rarely 

 horse hair. In general appearance it is larger and more compact 

 than the nest of the rose-breasted grosbeak. The eggs, number- 

 ing from 3 to 4, rarely 5, vary greatly ; the ground colour is whitish 

 or tinged with blue, green, or ashy, with numerous irregular spots 

 and sometimes blotches of light and dark brown, and light pur- 

 plish gray chiefly at the larger end. Size — i.oo x .72. See Fig. 

 17, Plate D. 



This beautiful songster is one of the best known birds of the 

 Southern States ; his tine colouring together with his splendid sing- 

 ing qualities combine against him, and as a result he is a constant 

 article of commerce both in this country and abroad. 



147 



