282 THE PALEONTOLOGY OF MINNESOTA. 



[Callopora goodhuensls . 



between them is almost if not quite impossible. How else can we. explain this fact 

 than by assuming that the two forms gradually and by .almost equal concessions 

 approximated in structure ? 



Compared with other species C. angularis will be found to be smaller, with 

 smaller and more equal-sided zocecia and fewer mesopores. C. goodhuensis is smaller 

 in every respect. 



Formation and locality. — Rather abundant in the upper layers of the middle and in the lower part 

 of the upper third of the Trenton shales at various localities in Ramsey, Goodhue and Fillmore counties, 

 Minnesota. Common also at many localities in the state where the Galena shales are exposed, and in 

 equivalent beds at Decorah, Iowa. 



Mus. Reg. Nos. 7640, 7659, 8067. , 



Callopoka. goodhuensis, n. sp. 



PLATE. XXIII, FIGS. 9, 10, 21, 29. 



This also is closely related to C. multitahulata. As a rule the surface is without 

 monticules, and ihey are never prominent, while the average size of the branches is 

 less, the average diameter being between 4 and 5 mm. The zocecia are smaller, 

 especially at the center of transverse sections, their apertures subangular, rather 

 oblique in young examples, nearly direct in those full-grown, with twelve or thirteen 

 in 3 mm. Internal characters very similar, excepting that the peripheral region is 

 comparatively narrower, being in this respect more like C. ampla. 



Mesopores more numerous and more closely tabulated than in C. angularis. 

 The zooecial apertures, on the other hand, are more direct in that earlier species. 



Formation and locality.— Common in the Galena shales at St. Paul and near Cannon Falls, Minnesota. 

 Mus. Reg. No. 8111. 



Callopoea dumalis, n. sp. 



PLATE XXIII, FIGS. 1-8. 



Zoarium bushy, attaining a width of 50 mm. or more, consisting of numerous 

 small inosculating branches, varying between 1 and 2.5 mm. in diameter, but with 

 1.5 mm. by far the most common size. In young stages the zooecial apertures are 

 more or less oblique and ovate, the mesopores rather numerous and some of them of 

 large size.- In old fragments the latter are fewer and of small size, and the zooecial 

 apertures more direct and polygonal. Closures with faint radiating lines ; central 

 perforation rather small. Measuring diagonally about six zooecia in 1.5 mm. 



Internal characters as shown in figs. 7 and 8. Vertical sections show that while 

 diaphragms are rather abundant in all parts they are not excessively crowded in the 

 peripheral region. In this respect the species differs from the species grouped about 

 C. multitahulata. 



