GRASS FAMILY 35 



Ligules 1-2 mm. long, truncate, rounded or abruptly acute. 



Plant 2-4 dm. high; leaves mostly basal and stiff, short, seldom 8 cm. long; ligules 



rounded. 63. P. juncifolia. 



Plant taller, 4-10 dm. high, leafy; leaves longer. 



Internerves of the lemma glabrous; nerves silky. 36. P. glaucifolia. 



Intemerves of the lemma as well as the nerves scabrous. 



Leaves filiform, less than 1 mm. wide. 64. P. brachyglossa. 



Leaves flat or involute, but not filiform, 2-5 mm. wide. 



Ligulesov9.teorrounded,acuteorobtuse;leavessoft. 65. P. confusa. 

 Ligules truncate; leaves stiff. 



Inflorescence very narrow; branches erect. 66. P. truncata. 



Inflorescence more open, lobed ; branches ascending. 



67. P. ampla. 



65. SCOLOCHLOA Link. 1. S. fesluciaa. 



66. PANICULARIA Fabr. Manna-gbass. 

 Spikelets ovate or oblong, 6 mm. long or less. 



■ Lemma 7-nerved, obscurely denticulate at the apex. 



Spikelets 2-4 mm. long; lemma broadly oval, 1.5-2 mm. long. 



Leaf-blades flat and lax; lemma slightly scarious-margined ; branches of the 

 inflorescence long; empty glmnes obtuse. 

 Plant slender; branches of the inflorescence strongly ascending, nodding. 



1. P. nenata. 

 Plant stout; branches of the inflorescence spreading or reflexed, not nodding. 



2. P. elala. 

 Leaf-blades conduplicate, stiff, ascending; lemma distinctly scarious-mar- 

 gined; branches of the inflorescence short, strongly ascending, not droop- 

 ing. 3. P. rigida. 



Spikelets 4r-6 mm. long; lemma narrowly oval, 2-3 mm. long; inflorescence ample; 

 branches flnally spreading. 

 Lemma barely scarious-margined ; empty glumes acute, lanceolate. 



4. P. grandis. 

 Lemma with broad scarious margins; empty glumes obtuse. 5. P. pulchella. 

 Lemma 5-nerved, distinctly dentate at the apex, broadly scarious-margined. 

 Spikelets 4-6-flowered. 6. P. paucifora. 



Spikelets 2-flowered. 7. P. Holmii. 



Spikelets linear, 10 mm. long or more; lemma 7-nerved, erose. 

 Spikelets 10-17 mm. long, on pedicels at least one-third their length . 



8. P. borealis. 

 Spikelets 15-20 mm. long, subsessile or nearly so. 9. P. septentrionalis. 



67. PUCCINELLIA Pari. Meadow-grass. 



Leaves mostly basal; panicle less than 1 dm. long. 1. P. Lemmoni. 

 Leaves scattered on the stem; panicle usually more than 1 dm. long. 



Lemma 2-2.5 mm. long, distinctly nerved. 2. P. NuUalKana. 



Lemma 2 mm. long or less, obscurely nerved. 3. P. tenuiflora. 



68. FESTUCA L. Fescue-grass. 



Perennials; stamens 3. 



Leaf-blades of the innovations narrow, 3 mm. wide or less, involute. 



Innovations extravaginal ; i. e., plants with creeping rootstocks and stolons; 

 leaves smooth. 

 Spikelets pubescent. 1. F. Kitaibeliana. 



Spikelets glabrous or scabrous. 



Body of the lemma .5-7 mm. long; leaf-blades rather flrm. 



Stem-leaves with flat blades; innovations numerous. 2. F. rubra. 

 Stem-leaves with ftliform involute blades; innovations few. 



3. F. valKcola. 

 Body of the lemma about 4 mm. long; leaf-blades fiUform, soft. 



4- F. Earlei. 

 Innovations intravaginal; plants bunch-gra.s.ses. 

 Ligules short, truncate or rounded. 



Body of the lemma 3-8 mm. long; leaf-blades long, persistent on the sheaths ; 

 palet obtuse or 2-toothed at the apex. 

 Pulvini at the bases of the branches of the paniqle none or obsolete; 

 tufts easily separable. 

 Lemma (without the awns) 3— 4-mm. long, not half longer than the 

 first glume; planir 1-2 (rarely 3) dm. high; inflorescence 

 spike-Uke. 

 Lemma lanceolate, long-acuminate and long-awned; panicle 

 dense; leaf-blades short, scarcely fihform. 

 Leaf-blades soft and sulcate, at least in age. 



5. F. brachyphylla. 

 Leaf-blades flrm and terete, even in age. 6. F. supina. 

 Lemma oblong-lanceolate, abruptly contracted into a short awn ; 

 panicle lax ; leaf-blades narrowly filiform and soft. 



7. F. minuHflora. 

 Lemma (without the awns) 5-8 mm. long; plant usually over 3 dm. 



high. 

 Old sheaths of the innovations brown and papery. 



8. F. calligera. 



