156 HYPERICACEAE 



Family 82. HYPERICACEAE. St. John's-wort Family. 



1. HYPERICUM (Toum.) L. St. John's-wobt. 



Petals more than twice as long as the sepals, both usually margined with black glands; 

 stamens nvmierous; erect perennials. 

 Sepals acuminate or at least decidedly acute. 1. H. formosum. 



Sepals obtuse or acutish. 



Stem 3-5 dm. high; petals 8-10 mm. long. 2. H. Scouleri. 



Stem about 1 dm. high; petals 10-15 mm. long. 3. H. Nortonae. 



Petals slightly exceeding the sepals; black glands none; stamens 5-20; annuals or no. 4 

 often perennial, rooting at the nodes. 

 Procumbent, often forming mats; leaves broadly oval. 4. H. anagalloides. 



Erect and simple; leaves oblong to lanceolate. 5. H, majus. 



Family 83. ELATINACEAE. Water-wort Family. 



1. ELATINE L. Watbh-wort, Mdd-pukslane. 



Flowers sessile; stamens 2-3, as many as the petals. 



Leaves oblanceolate; flowers usually 3-merous. 1. E. triandra. 



Leaves obovate. 



Flowers 3-merous; plant red; leaves 2 mm. long. 2. E. rubella. 



Flowers 2-merous; plant green; leaves 4-6 mm. long. 3. E. americana. 



Flowers pedicelled; stamens 6-8, twice as many as the sepals and petals. 



4. E. Williamsii. 



Family 84. FRANKENIACEAE. Frankenia Family. 

 1. FRANKENIA L. l. F. Jamesii. 



Family 85. CISTACEAE. Rock-rose Family. 

 1. CROCANTHEMTTM Spach. Frost-weed. l. C. majus. 



Family 86. VIOLACEAE. Violet Family. 



Sepals auricled at the base; corolla spurred. 1. Viola. 



Sepals not auricled at the base ; lowest petal merely saccate at the base. 2. Calceolahia. 



1. VIOLA (Toum.) L. Violet, Hearts-ease, Pansy. 



Plants acaulescent, or without manifest stems. 

 Plants without stolons. 

 Flowers violet-pmple. 

 Rootstock thick. 



Leaves not lobed nor parted. 

 Leaves and scapes glabrous. 



Spurred petal glabrous, rounded at the apex. 



Peduncles of clelstogamous flowers usually 1-3 cm. long, pros- 

 trate under the soil or dead leaves. 1. V. papilionacea. 

 Peduncles of clelstogamous flowers usually 4—6 cnx. long, erect 

 or ascending. 2. V. pratincola. 

 Spurred petal more or less bearded, retuse or emarginate. 

 Spurred petal somewhat bearded, mostly retuse. 



3. V. retusa. 

 Spurred petal thickly bearded, emarginate. 4. V. nephrophylla. 

 Leaves and scapes hirsutulous. 5. V. septenirionalis. 



Leaves 2-3-ternately parted. 6. V. pedalifida. 



Kootstock slender. 7. V. Selkirkii. 



Flowers white. 8. V. renifolia. 



Plants stoloniferous. 

 Flowers not yellow. 



Flowers white or lilac; petioles glabrous. 9. V. palustris. 



Flowers white; petioles after flowering pilose. 10. V. Macloskeyi. 



Flowers yellow. 



Stolons several, long, prostrate, leafy. 11. V. sempervirens. 



Stolons few, short, ascending, with 1-3 leafy bracts. 12. V. orbiculata. 

 Plants caulescent, or with manifest stems. 

 Leaves compound or much dissected. 



Upper petals deep violet, the lower pale violet, with yellow base. 



13. V. Beckwithii. 

 AU the petals pale yellow. 14. V. Sheltonii. 



Leaves simple, not dissected. 

 Flowers yellow. 



First peduncles from the base of the stems. 



Basal leaves round, 5-7-lobed or -toothed. 15. V. venosa. 



