230 CARDUACEAE 



Corolla of the disk-flowers with linear, erect lobes ; bracts of the turbinate 

 Involucres spatulate to linear-oblanceolate in two series; ligules if pres- 

 ent deeply cleft, purple. 98. OTHAKE. 

 6. Bracts of the involucres neither colored nor scarious. 



Pappus of numerous barbellulate white bristles, somewhat broadened and 



united at the base into a ring. 104. Stntbichopappijs. 



Pappus of scales or wanting. 



Achenes either linear-prismatic or clavate-obpyramidal, i. c, very 

 elongate. 

 Bracts more or less carinate-concave and partly enfolding the 

 achenes: leaves more or less floccose woolly. 

 Low and diffuse winter annuals; anther-tips subulate; bracts 

 herbaceous ; tube of the disk-corollas equalling the throat. 



103. Anthbhopbas. 

 Perennials; anther-tips obtuse; bracts Arm; tube of the disk- 

 corollas shorter than the throat. 102. Eriophyllum. 

 Bracts wholly herbaceous, broad and flat or merely concave, not 

 embracing the achenes; plants not floccose-lanate. 

 Fohage impressed-punctate; leaves at least the lower opposite. 

 Perennials, suflruticose at the base; leaf-segments oblong to 



Unear. 91. Picradeniopsls. 



Aimuals; leaf-segments filiform or nearly so. 



95. Cephalobembix. 

 Foliage not impressed-punctate; leaves alternate. 

 Bracts obovate, cuneate or oblanceolate. 



Perennials with a woody caudex; leaves entire; pappus of 



10 squamellae. 93. Platyschkuhria. 



Annuals; leaves dissected; pappus wanting. 



92. Amauriopsis. 

 Bracts linear. 



Bracts in one row or two subequal rows; plant not fleshy; 

 achenes linear. 

 Heads radiate, but ligules inconspicuous; pappus of 



opaque squameilae. 99. Kigiopappus. 



Heads discoid; pappus of hyaline squamellae. 



Achenes angled; squamellae with strong midribs. 



100. Chamaechenactis. 

 Achenes scarcely angled; squamellae not conspicu- 

 ously ribbed. 101. Chaenactis. 

 Bracts in 2-3 rows; heads radiate; leaves more or less 

 fleshy. 94. Huxsea. 

 Achenes obpyramidal, not 4 times as long as broad. 



Bracts of the involucres erect, not spreading nor reflexed. 



Involucres many-flowered; pappus present; achenes tapering 

 below. 

 Bracts of the involucres nearly equal and similar, all distinct. 

 Bracts few; corolla flesh-colored; rays wanting. 



100. Chamaechaenactis. 

 Bracts numerous; corollas yellow; rays usually present. 

 ' Leaves entire; squamellae short, obtuse or abruptly 



contracted into a point. 105. Tetranedbis. 

 Leaves pinnatifld; squamellae Unear-lanceolate, at- 

 tenuate but not awn-tipped. 



106. Rydbergia. 

 Outer bracts united below; leaves usually pinnatifld with 

 narrow divisions. 107. Hymenoxys. 



Involucres few-flowered; pappus wanting; achenes linear, 8-10- 

 striate. 108. Flaveria. 



Bracts of the involucres spreading or reflexed. 



Leaves not decurrent on the stem; tubes of the disk-flowers 



moderately long. 109. Dugaldia. 



Leaves decurrent on the stem; tubes of the disk-coroUas very 

 short or reduced to a ring. 110. Helenium. 



2. Receptacle with bristle-like chaffs. 



Involucral bracts sprea,dlng or reflexed. 111. Gaillardia. 



Involucral bracts erect. 101. Chaenactis. 



Tribe 8. TAGETEAE. 

 Bracts of the involucres more or less united; style-branches of the disk-flowers elongate 

 Bracts of the involucres united only at the base; style-branches with conical tips, 



squamellae of the pappus many-aristate. 112. Boebera. 



Bracts of the involucres united into a cup ; style-branches obtuse. 



113. Thymophylla. 

 Bracts of the involucres distinct; style-branches very short, obtuse, without an appendage. 



114. Pectis. 

 Tribe 9. ANTHEMIDEAE. 



Receptacle chaffy. 



Achenes flattened; involucres campanulate or obovoid, small; ligules short and broad. 



115. ACHILLE.^. 

 Achenes terete, at least not flattened; involucres hemispherical, large; Ugules elongate. 



Ray-flowers fertile; palea,e of the receptacle membranous, subtending all the 

 flowers. 116. Anthemis. 



