Insects Injurious to the Apple. 



31 



uf Englrtuil, liul is most abundant in tlie snntli and ^vest. It docs 

 not seem to occur furtlier nortli than Yorl^, where it is uncommoH. 

 In the smith of EuL^Umd it is always more or less common in our 

 plantations, but at certain times it appears in enormous numbers, 

 especially iu apple and pear orchards, where it strips tlie folia^'e. 

 Only last year a vast concourse of them appeared in the Sittingltourne 

 and Faversham areas of Kent and carried all before them, one grower 

 stating tliat he could collert them by busliels. Carpenter (1) records 

 it from Ireland. It is particularly common in France, wliere there 

 are laws com[ielling growci's tn cut off and destroy the "tents" and 

 the lar\';c. (iuerin ]\Iene\-i!le states that it is one of tlie most 

 injurious fruit and forest tree pests in France. KoUar (l!) gives an 

 account of it, and says that it is troublesome in Germany. 



Unfortunately it feeds on hawthciru liedges and in woods, and 

 l)eing capalile of moderate powers 

 of flight, it is thus alwa>'s liable to 

 invade cur orchards and garilens. 



LlF]->HlSTril;V AND HaIUTS. 



The motli (Fig. 18) is V(n'y 

 variable in size and colour, and 

 measures aliout 1 inch in expanse 

 of wings in the male and Ih incli 

 in the female. The front wings are 

 a rusty reddish-brown, ochreous 

 or brick-dust red, with t^^■o pale 

 or dusky transverse liries across 

 tliem, the space Inetween the two 

 bars being often more deeply 

 coloured than tlie rest of tlie 

 -wiugs ; tlie hind A\dngs are the 

 same tint as tlie fore, but often a 

 little paler. 



The moth occurs in July and 

 August, and a few stragglers may 

 be found in September. 



The females depcsit their eggs in rings or bands, and usually 

 choose the year's growth of wood. Each band contains from faty 

 up to two luindred eggs. The bands are shown in Fig. 1 7. ^Mien 

 the wood shrinks they may become cpiite loose and turu round and 

 round, but at other times they may be found tightly gummed to the 

 shoots. In colour they are dull erev to grevish-browii, with a small 



lie;. 17.--K';n HANI>S iiF I.AiKKV M"T1 

 VnullLthattllillil nut nil n'Kllt. 



(Tu RL- iKitmal sizL'. ) 



