Insects IiijtDious to t/ie Apple. 



51 



^^•ay to place this enemy under onr ctmtrol. Tlie (inly nnrortiiimte 

 thing is that tlie Winter Motlr also feeds upon various hedgerow and 

 forest trees, and tlius we are always lial)le to invasion if our planta- 

 tions and gardens are 

 approximated to woods, 

 spinneys, and ill -kept 

 hedgerows. Xeverthe- 

 less, owing to the pecu- 

 liar structural characters 

 of the female, tlie damage 

 from tliis source is much 

 lessened. 



LiFE-HlSTOlIV AND 



Habits. 



The urate AYinter 

 Moth is a fully-winged 

 insect, althourrh its fli"ht 

 is not powerful. In size 



I /■', fcV<' 



-FF.^[AT,l';s AM- M.U.F.S " 

 (Clu-liitntnbla brill 



THE ^VI^TI■:^; M(i 

 iilii\. 



it is ahout 1:^ iu'-'l' from tip to tip nf 

 the expanded wings. There is uot niucli variation in size in the 

 males, but in the female this is the reverse, as is seen in tlie accom- 

 panying photograph (Fig. 37). 



The colour of the fore wings varies bet«'een greyish-hrown and 

 brown; some few may show an ochreous tinge, marked with several 

 transver.se darker wa\'y lines varying in distinctness in diffei'ent 

 specimens; the hiird wings are of a palei unif.irni colnur. 



The female is greyish to greyish-brown in colour, and dilfers 



totally from the mali'. having tli(.' men.'St 



traces of wings, which are totally useless as 

 organs of flight: these remnants (rF wings 

 Sometimes show (irnamentations, the fore pair 

 liaving two tlarker transverse streaks, the hind 

 pair rarely a rrace of a single one. 



There is some variation in size of these 

 wing remnants, but none liave been seen 

 larger thair those represented in the photo- 

 graph, iliss Hrmerod, however, gi\-es a figure 

 of them (2, p. 157) al>ou( two-thirds the lengtli 

 of the body, which must be very unusual, 

 judging from the thousands examined. 



Tire males luive Ijeen observed f.)r many years to appear some 

 davs before the females. Thev mav be seen at dusk, flying lazily 



E 2 



FIG. :IS.— TWO Ci"\-A (JF THE 

 WINTKIl 5I0TH. 



(Greatly (.■iil.-uyeir) 



