Insects Injurious to tJtc Apple. 



73 



more wet I'rass is ejected, as long as the maggot remains within the 

 truit. Some little while after this opening has been formed, the 

 matnre stage of the larva is reached. Tlie caterpillar is then about 

 i inch long, pale piinkish in colour, with a few scattered hairs and 

 tirown liead. 



Sometimes the larva; are creamy white, at others a deep pink. 

 Tliis latter coloiir I have particularly noticed in those coming from 

 aljrc)ad. 



The time has now come for leaving the fruit. Tliis tliey do in 

 two ways ; the majority 

 lower themselves to tin.' 

 ground, if the iruit has 

 not fallen, others crawl 

 outof the apple and down 

 the branches. Tliose that 

 fall to ttie ground re- 

 ascend the tree trunks, 

 and make their Avay 

 under the first shelter 

 they come to. If it is 

 in an old orchard they 

 crawl under the rough 

 bark, or the moss and 

 lichens growing upon the 

 trees ; if it is a young 

 orchard, or one ke[it 

 very clean, they get 

 under such protection 

 as the sacking used to 

 prevent the string, liy 

 which the young trees 

 are held to stakes, from 

 cutting the bark, or 

 between the forks of the 

 branches. 



In these sheltered spots the larvre spin rough cocoons, often 

 mnigled with wood chips when forroed under the bark. The silken 

 cocoons are sometimes dusky white, sometimes brown. In these 

 cases the larvae cast their skin in the spring and change to cliestnut- 

 brovvn pupa"', from wdiich the moths ultimately hatch. 



As a rule, w^e have only one generati()n of Codling Moth during 

 the year, but there may be two. For a long time there has been an 



//. IhllNIIIONll. 



CO.— .U'L'I.KS ATT.UiCKH BY SC.IB FTXfir^ 



Often mistaken I'oi' insect damage. 

 {Half natiiv.-il size.) 



