218 



Insect Pests. 



found them forming, before any of the aphis had hatched from the 

 ecrus. Whether they are fung(.)id in origin I do not know, but in 

 any case they are not caused, as thought, Ijy the phiiit lice, which 

 merely shelter beneath them. Neither of these apliides is said 

 to form much " honeydew," hence the diseased appearance of the 

 leaf is often not noticed as being of insect origin during the early 

 stages of the attack, unless an examination has been made of the 

 under surface. Later on "honeydew" becomes abimdant, being 



especially formed by the leaf- 

 curling species ; on black cur- 

 rants the " honeydew '" often 

 gives a shiny and sticky appear- 

 ance to the whole bush. 



The in.sects spread chiefly 

 by means of winged genera- 

 tions, which appear every now 

 and then, flying from birsh to 

 bush, and there setting \ip fresh 

 areas of disease. These winged 

 generations may occur as early 

 as the middle of May, but 

 usually not until June. All 

 varieties seem to be attacked. 



LiFE-HlSTOKY AXn H.VBITS. 



Although the appearance 

 and haliits of the two currant 



I. r. ]>. i:i„t„Ni. 



FIG. 1(17.— AN Ai'iiis siidwisi; TWO You.xii ttiTiiis. aphidcs Rrc different, yet their 



(iJreatlyciilai-L'.l.) it i • , ■ '• -t 



fite-iiistories are very sinnlar. 



(I.) L'hojiiihisipJuim /■ihin, L. — The wingless viviparous female, 

 or " mother-queen," is shiny green, mottled witli darl^er green ; 

 legs, honey-tubes, and antenna' pale green ; eyes, red. In form it 

 is oval and convex, and slightly larger than the following species 

 (XL); the body l.ieing j^ij inch long. The wingless females are found 

 on the under surface of tlie leaves and sheltered under the red, 

 orange, and yellow blisters. They apjiear first of all in April, and 

 occur continuously until duly and even August. E\"ery now and 

 then the lice to which tliey give rise turn into so-called pupa', 

 which are characterised by rudinienls of wings appearing as \\'iug 

 buds. 



Tlie pupa is green, and does not, apart from the wing eases, 



