Insects, etc., Injurious to Currants. 221 



larvse living amongst the lice in the blisters or curled leaves. But 

 in spite of these, great harm results, for they never occnr till the 

 damage is mostly done. 



Prevention and Teeatmext. 



Black cuirants should be cut very hard in the autumn after 

 an attack, and the strippings carried avfay and burnt. By so doing 

 many eggs will be destroyed. 



When aphides are present on the bushes it is most important 

 to spray early in the year, directly the lice are seen, before the leaves 

 become curled up ; the lice can then be far more readily reached 

 by the spray than later in the year. 



The most successful wash for these plant lice is dilute paraffin 

 emulsion. This is when a bad attack has taken place, but only 

 slight benefit results when the leaves are once curled. Plain soft 

 soap and quassia is enough if the bushes are washed early. 



The wash has to be put on so as to reach the undersides of the 

 leaves. 



Repbebnces. 



(1) whitehead, Sir C. Insects Injurious to Fruit Crops. Agricultural 



Department, Privy Council Office, p. 63 (1886). 



(2) BucMon, G. B. ' Monograph of the British Aphides,' I., p. 180 (1875), 



II., p. 9 (1877). 



(3) Theobald, F. V. Journal Board of Agriculture, Dec. 1901, pp. 306-312 



(1901). 



THE CURRANT ROOT LOUSE. 



{Schisoneu ra ulmi. Linn. = Schizoneura fodiens. Buckton.) 



Three cases of damage caused by this aphis have been recorded 

 (1, 2 and 6). It is an insect, however, which we must keep under 

 observation, as in one instance the writer found it doing much harm 

 to currants in Kent at Swanley (1). Carpenter (2) has found it in 

 Ireland, and Warburton (6) records it without locality. 



The aphis attacks the roots of black and red currants, where 

 it forms an unhealthy galled appearance. 



The bluish-grey to white wool, although not abundant as it 

 is in the Woolly Apple Aphis, is sufficient to identify it. Winged 

 forms appear in autumn and pass out of the ground to fresh 

 plants. 



