390 



Insect Pests. 



The ChJirri/iis and the TyphJoi'ijlid had all the same effect ou 

 apple and plum leaves. 



On cobs and filberts the effect is not nearly so marked in tliis 

 respect, but when the young leaves are punctured the result is 

 equally striking, though very diverse — they become pierced with 

 irregular slit-like lioles (Fig. 2ti()). This is caused by the young 

 tissue heuv damaged and splitting on further growth. The mottling 



and paleness of the fcliage is the most marked featur,. of their attack, 

 however. 



The result of this damage is that tlie leaves l„se their Mtalitv 

 and cease to exercise their proper functinus, fall ]a-ematurelv and in 

 bad cases of attack tliu fruit withers and drops. The oi,,wtb .if the 

 trees is also cliecked. '"" 



The life-histnry of the Tuf.hhr.hu and Chlorit.r is sli^ditlv 

 diflin'eut. '" 



