434 Insect Pests. 



and in colour it is of a dull reddish-brown, and slightly hairy. It 

 appears in June and July, and is nocturnal in flight. The larvae are 

 smaller than those of the Cock Chafer and might be mistaken for 

 young of that species, but an examination of the mandibles soon 

 shows the difference. In the Summer Chafer the whole surface of 

 the mandible is very minutely granulated, whereas in the Cock Chafer 

 there is a granulated area only where the light and dark parts of 

 the jaws unite. The larvae live from one to two years, a shorter 

 existence than in the Large Chafer. The beetles may be collected 

 and destroyed in the same manner as the preceding species. It is 

 only an occasional pest in fruit plantations. 



THE SNAG BORING EMPHYTUS. 



(Umphytus cinctus. Linnaeus.) 



The insects found on the raspberry are very numerous ; fortunately, 

 many have not so far occurred in sufficient numbers to have acquired 

 the term of "insect pest," but as is well known they may become so 

 at any time. Hence, any details regarding them may prove of value 

 should they do so. A communication concerning an Emphytus, one 

 of the sawflies, was received in February 1906 from near Ledbury. 



Mr. Bickham (1) wrote as follows : — " As you will see by cutting 

 open the snags, a caterpillar has bored its way down into the pith. 

 I have found as many as three green ones in one snag, and some I 

 found had spun a cocoon and were turning to chrysalids." 



The larvae were received in January, and were kept under 

 observation. 



The species was easily identified as Emphytus cinctus of Linnseus 

 on its hatching out. 



This species normally feeds on the rose, both wild and cultivated, 

 and is now and again troublesome in that respect. I am not aware 

 of its having been found on the raspberry before. 



Taschenberg (2) gives an account of it, and refers to it as " Die 

 weissgegiirtelte Eosenblattwespe," and figures the larva and adult, 

 but not with sufficient accuracy to enable its identification. Cameron 

 (3) describes it in detail, and states that it is commonly distributed 

 in Britain, especially in gardens. 



Mr. Bickham, in writing, did not state that it had done any 

 damage, but being present in considerable numbers in the stubs, it 

 is possible that it may increase to a disastrous extent. Tlie larvae 



