Insects, etc.. Injurious to the Strawberry. 455 



There appear to be two broods during the year, the second 

 appearing in September and October. 



Eefekenoes. 



(1) Ormerod, E. A. 'Handbook of Insects Injurious to Orchard and Bush 



Fruits,' p. 258 (1898). 



(2) Morris, F. 0. ' A Natural History of British Moths,' vol. III., p. 137 



(1872). 



THE LARGE WHITE PLUME MOTH. 



{Aciptilia pentadactyla. Linn.) 



CoUinge (1) records the larvae of this Plume Moth, under the 

 name of the Strawberry Plume, as doing damage to strawberry plants, 

 and says that in the early part of the summer in 1905 they were un- 

 usually numerous in Worcestershire, Warwickshire and Staffordshire. 



Its normal food plant is the bindweed {Convolvulus arvensis), and 

 it is thus strange to find it on the strawberry. It may frequently be 

 seen in numbers in strawberry beds, but it is feeding on bindweed 

 growing with the plants. The moth is common over England and 

 Wales, and appears in June and July ; it is snowy white, with five 

 distinct feather-like rays for wings on each side. The upper wings 

 are very scantily dusted with pale grey. The caterpillar is rather 

 hairy, greenish tinged with white, a green line along the back and 

 a distinct black spot on each segment, which are also noticeable in 

 the pupa. 



The pupa is found attached by its tail end to the leaf and is 

 slightly hairy. 



The larva occurs in May, and sometimes as late as the 3rd of June 

 in Kent, where it occurs on the bindweed but not on the strawberry. 



Refebence. 



(1) CoUinge, W. S. Beport on Injurious Insects and Other Animals observed 

 in the Midlands during 1905, p. 36 (1906). 



STRAWBERRY GROUND BEETLES. 



{Harpalus ruficornis, Fab., etc?) 



In 1894 both Ormerod (1) and Warburton (2) investigated an 

 attack of Ground Beetles or Carabidse on strawberries at Wood- 

 borough in Nottinghamshire, and in the following year the attack was 

 renewed. Valuable information has been given us by Warburton in 

 his report (2). 



