Contents. 



59. Structure of a succulent leaf . 



60. Structure of a cladode .... 



61. Stomatal openings .... 



62. Nature of transpiration 



63. Evaporation from an artificial membrane 



64. Lifting power of a transpiring branch . 



65. Estimation of amount of water transpired 



66. Guttation 



67. Localization of transpiration 



68. Hygrometer test for transpiration . 



69. Action of stomata 



70. Path followed by sap in ascending from the roots to the 



leaves ...... 



71. Passage of sap through a woody stem . 



72. Rate of movement of water through stems 



73. Diffusion streams in the plant 



74. Air passages in plants .... 



75. Air passages through stems and leaves . 



76. Passage of air through lenticels and cortex 



77. Omose of gases 



V. Nutrition. 



78. 



79- 

 80. 

 81. 

 82. 

 83. 

 84. 

 85- 

 86. 

 87. 



90. 

 91. 

 92. 



93- 



Composition of the body ....... 



Determination of organic and inorganic substances in plants 

 Food elements of plants .... 



Presence of substances in solution in the soil 

 Corrosive action of plants on minerals . 



Water cultures 



Growth of plants in solutions lacking nitrates 

 Growth with distilled water as a nutritive fluid 

 Food-forming power of green leaves 

 Growth of plants in air free from carbon dioxide 

 Properties of chlorophyl .... 

 Formation of chlorophyl in light and darkness 

 Absorption of light by tissues of plants 

 Red color in leaves . . . . . 

 Arrangements tor concentrating rays of light upon 



layers 



Exhalation of oxygen by green plants . 



chlorophyl 



