INTEREST IN ETHNOLOGY 79 



" Citizenship " as a subject expresses the necessity for 

 imparting the main ideas of social science, and the crying 

 need for a living knowledge of living languages is 

 increasingly realized. The exchange of teachers which is 

 now arranged between England, France and Germany 

 illustrates the last point. 



During the preceding winter Huxley's continued in- 

 terest in ethnology was evinced by the fact that his 

 lectures to working-men were on " The Various Races 

 of Mankind," and some of his views on the subject are 

 included in a paper in the Fortnightly Review, entitled 

 " On the Methods and Results of Ethnology " (Coll. 

 Essays, vii, 209). In this the value of philology as a 

 primary aid to investigation is discounted, a modified 

 classification of races put forward, and the unity of the 

 human species supported. The essay embodies the 

 substance of a Friday Evening Discourse delivered at the 

 Royal Institution (June 2, 1865) on the same subject 

 (Proc. Roy. Inst., iv, 1 862-6, pp. 461-3. Sci. Mem., 

 iii, vi, p. 121). In this he, 



"... endeavoured to show in what way the application of 

 Mr. Darwin's views to Ethnology reconciles the doctrine of 

 anatomical unity with that of persistence of modification, and 

 overcomes difficulties of distribution by taking into account the 

 facts of geological change." 



The two following scientific memoirs bear date 

 1865:- 



I. "On the Structure of the Stomach in Desmodus 

 rufus" (Proc. Zool. Soc, 1865, pp. 386-90. Read 

 April 11, 1865. Sci. Mem., iii, iv, p. 85). The 

 stomach of this blood-sucking bat is shown to be 

 peculiarly modified in adaptation to the nature of the 

 food. 



