110 



TIMBER TREES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



Abundant production of seed occurs about every other year. 

 Young plants are plentiful in moderately open woods and in old 

 -fields. The young trees are decidedly light-demanding and die 



MAP OF 

 NORTH CAROLINA 



/ctTRi^Toa.^ 



COASTAL PLAIN RfGION _ 



LEGEND 

 Distribution of the CHESTNUT 

 (Castanea dentata, Borkky 



Distribution of the CHINQUAPIN 

 (Castane'a pumila, Mill.) 



quickly in deep shade. Specimens over 5 feet in diameter are 

 generally unsound. After lumbering a growth of the same species, 

 together with oaks, (generally the white, scarlet and black oak) 

 springs up. The chestnut enters largely into the composition of 

 most second growth hardwood forests in the extreme western 

 counties. It sprouts very freely from the stump and the shoots 

 often grow to be large trees. The stumps retain their power of 

 sprouting for many years. The trunk is sometimes attacked by 

 the chestnut borer, Arliopalus ftilminans, Fabricius, and the nuts 

 by the chestnut weevil, Balaninus caryatrypes, Boheman. 



The thin oblong leaves are straight-veined and serrate with 

 coarse sharp teeth. The yellowish-green sterile flowers are in 

 large spreading bunches of catkins, appearing in the middle of the 

 •summer ; the fertile flowers are inconspicuous. The fruit consists 

 of 2 or 3 flattened dark brown shining edible nuts enclosed in a 

 light brown prickly bur. The winter-buds are small and ovate. 

 A tap- root is early developed. Later, strong deeply seated lateral 

 roots are formed. 



The wood is light, soft, not strong, coarse-grained, easily split, 

 very durable in contact with the soil, and liable to check and 

 warp in drying ; brown in color ; the sapwood lighter. It is used 

 for cabinet-making, interior finish, railway ties, fencing, and 



