344 
Sphex, mode of carrying prey to 
nest, 77, 171 
Spiders placed in crotch by wasps, 
Stereotyped behaviour, 172 
Sticklebacks, observations on, 130 
Strout, Dr. G. F., on “meaning” 
for consciousness, 46, 243, 268 ; 
on ideational and perceptual 
stages of mental development, 
59, 271; on octopus, 157; on 
conative process, 235; on the 
self, .239; on manipulation, 251 ; 
on emotion, 293 
Strance, Mr., on bower-bird, 261 
Subject and object, 245, 276 
Sun-dew leaf, behaviour of, 25 
Swimming, instinctive, 85 
T 
Tarr, Lawson, on begging-cat, 109 
Tarpr, M., on imitation as a 
social factor, 179 
Tendencies, congenital, 177 
Tuomas, Mr. Oldfield, on rats of 
Solomon Islands, 222 
TuornvDIKE, Dr., on swimming of 
chick, 85; experiments on in- 
telligence, 147 ff.; experiments 
on imitation, 179, 183 tf. 
Tradition, animal, 220 
Trial and error, method of, 139 
U 
Unity of perceptual process, 240 ; 
of biological purpose, 297 
Use, super-normal, 169; relation 
of, tu heredity, 170, 176 
THE 
INDEX 
vV 
Valisneria, fertilization of, 28 
Variation defined, 36; origin of, 
3827 
Venus’s fly-trap, behaviour of, 26 
Vigour, play due to surplus, 248 
Volition as conative, 238 
WwW 
Watiace, Dr. A. R., on sexual 
selection, 264 
WaALuascHEr, Mr., on play as sur- 
plus vigour, 248 
Wapiti, antlers of, 16 
Wasmany, Dr., on insects asso- 
ciated with ants, 213 
Wasps, solitary, instincts of, 72 ff. ; 
intelligence of, 126 ff. 
Weir, Mr. Jenner, on canaries, 
135 
WEISMANN, Prof., on origin of in- 
stinct, 108 
Wurman, Prof., on Clepsine, 159 
Wuitmer, Rey. 8. J., on tooth- 
billed pigeon, 221 
Will, metaphysics of, 307 
Wiuuiston, Dr. 8. W., observation 
on Ammophila, 127 
Woop, Mr. Foster, on hen-swim- 
ming, 86 
Worcester, Dr., on megapode, 87 
a Prof., on instinct, 65, 99, 
Y 
Youth, plasticity of, 167 
Yucca moth, instincts of, 82 
END 
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