272 PINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 



and Pinches are more arboreal. Many species take high rank as song 

 sters, and some of our favorite cage-birds belong to this family. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



I. Under parts witli red. 

 II. Under parts with no red and without distinct streaks ; throat or breast 



sometimes with a patch or spot. 

 III. Under parts without red and with numerous streaks. 



I. Under parts with red. 



A. "Wing-coverts plainly tipped with white or whitish, or with a white 

 or yellow band in the wing. 



a. No red in the upper parts. 



a>. Back black, rump whitish, throat black, breast and under wing- 

 coverts rosy red . . . 595. Eose-beeasted Gkosbeak ( t ad.). 



a^. Back and under parts streaked with black ; under wing-coverts 

 rosy red 595. Eose-bbeasted Grosbeak ( t im.). 



b. Bed on upper parts confined to crown or forehead, and sometimes a 



tinge on the rump ; wing under 3-25. 

 Ji. Kump and flanks generally without blackish streaks; feathers 

 of back generally with whitish borders. 



527. Greenland Kedpoll. 527a. Hoaey Eedpoll. 

 A'. Eump and flanks always streaked ; feathers of back with little 

 if any white and generally with brownish borders. 



628. Eedpoll and races. 

 A". Back cinnamon-brown, unstreaked ; crown, nape, and sides of 

 the neck black; a yellow band in the wing. 



European Goldfinch. 



c. Bed or pink spread more or less over entire upper paits ; wing over 



3-25. 

 c'. Tips of mandibles crossed. 



522. White- WINGED Crossbill ( 5 ad.). 

 g'. Bill stout ; mandibles not crossed . 515. Pine Grosbeak ( t ad.). 



B. Wing-coverts not tipped with white. 



a. Throat black or blackish ; wings and tail red ; body red or olive. 



593. Cardinal. 



b. Throat and more or less of under parts red or greenish red. 



Ji. Plumage blood-red, brownish red, or greenish red ; tips of the 



mandibles crossed 521. Am. Crossbill i . 



b'. Plumage dull reddish ; belly whitish ; back indistinctly streaked, 

 with bristly feathers over the nostrils. 



517. Purple Finch ( I ad.). 

 Js. Head blue ; back green ; rump red. 



601. Painted Bunting ( i ad.). 

 n. Under parts T^ith no red and -without distinct streaks ; 

 throat or breast sometimes -with a patch or spot. 

 1. Tail with white spots, bars, or patches. 

 A. Back plain, without streaks. 



