95 
. 8. The more or less regularly arranged tips of hyphae extending 
at right angles to the general direction of the trama-hyphae,—the sub- 
hymenium. The hyphae of the subhymenium always lie in a horizontal 
direction when the fruit-body is in place. 
9. The layer of basidia borne on the tips of the hyphae of the 
subhymenium. Each basidium has four sterigmata on the free end. 
The layer of basidia and the spores borne on them make up the hymenium. 
: 10. The four spores borne on each basidium, one on each 
sterigma. 
Make a prawinc to show the structure of the trama, subhymenium, 
basidia and spores in relation to one another. 
Study the specimens of toad-stools and polypores on the tables and 
classify each numbered specimen as to the family to which it belongs, 
using the following KEY :— 
A. Hymenium usually on the underside in the form of radiating 
plates or strong folds....................0.. AGARICACEAE 
B. Hymenium usually below or on the outer surface when the plant 
is spread over the substratum; honey-combed, porous, tubulose 
OF TCHCHALES ring ks wikeo dew be aad LNeaEeES POLYPORACEAE 
The numbered specimens of polypores on the tables are next to be 
studied and the genus to which they belong determined for each. All the 
steps in using the key must be written on sheets provided, to show how 
each determination was arrived at, thus:—1. Polyporus. 2, B, b, x, 
The older terminology is used here because of its use in most of the litera- 
ture and because it is the more simple. The rearrangement of the mem- 
bers of this group and the new genera proposed may be consulted in North 
American Flora 7, and Murrill, Northern Polypores, p. 1-64. 
The following key to the Polyporaceae (i.e. the Polyporeae as given in 
the text on nature of decay in wood) is rearranged from that of Over- 
holt, The Polyporaceae of Ohio. Missouri Bot. Gard. Ann. 1:81-155. 
1. Sporophore entirely resupinate; pileus none................ Portia 
2. Sporophore sessile or stipitate, sometimes effused-reflexed but nor- 
mally not entirely resupinate. 
A. Hymenium either daedaloid, labyrinthiform or lamellate, at 
least in part. 
a. Context white. 
x. Pileus minutely velvety to glabrous; context more than 
demimi. thick’ cscgceis die eae hee eee eee DaAEDALEA 
y. Pileus hirsute to villous; context 1 mm. or less thick. 
°Hymenium lamellate, at least in part..... LENZITES 
%Hymenium daedaloid but never lamellate. DAEDALEA 
b. Context brown. ; 
x. Plants woody and perennial, more than one cm. thick; 
hymenium not at all lamellate.......... TRAMETES 
y. Plants coriaceous or corky, less than 1 cm. thick; 
hymenium often lamellate.............. LENZITES 
B. Hymenium poroid or sometimes broken up into teeth. 
a. Hymenium broken up into teeth. 
x. Tubes or teeth 5 mm. or more long............ TRPEX 
y. Tubes or teeth less than 5 mm. long. _ 
°Hymenium labyrinthiform at first and remaining 
80: at the: Margin 3.30 ees oe ees ee DAEDALEA 
