112 FOREST TREES. 
countries west of the Alleghanies. In the Southern 
States it grows to the height of thirty feet or more; 
about Philadelphia and New York it is of smaller 
size, and blooms when not more than five or six feet 
high. It is one of the most highly esteemed among 
the Magnolias for ornamental purposes. The leaves 
are of a dark shining green above, and nearly white 
beneath; in the far South they are evergreen. The 
flowers are two or three inches across; they are pure 
white, and most delightfully fragrant. Although 
found almost exclusively in swamps, it thrives in 
good upland soils, even better than in its native 
localities. 
The seeds of the Small Magnolia soon become 
rancid. When gathered, they should immediately be 
placed in damp sand or rotten wood, and kept cool 
until they are sown. The young plants do not 
speedily appear; when up, they must be partially 
shaded from the sun. The tree appears to be hardy 
in Northern Hlinois; but should be placed in a shel- 
tered situation, and partially shaded. 
Magnolia umbrella —Umbrella Tree. 
Leaves, obovate-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, 
soon glabrous; petals, obovate-oblong. 
The Umbrella Tree is found in Western New York, 
and thence southward, principally along the Alle- 
ghany mountains. It is only found in shaded situa- 
tions, where the soil is deep, cool and rich. The 
finest specimens I have ever seen, grew on the banks 
of Black creek, a branch of the Yazoo river. The 
