130 FOREST TREES. 
up, the sand sifted out, and the berries sown. If 
kept till spring, the seed must be sown early, as, when 
ready to germinate, it will do so at a lower tempera- 
ture than most other seeds. When the young plants 
appear they should be shaded from the hot sunshine. 
P. Americana, the American Mountain Ash, greatly 
resembles the European, and is by some considered : 
a variety, but never becomes so largeatree. It is 
propagated in the same manner. The two may be 
distinguished while small by the buds, which in the 
European are downy, but in the American viscous 
or sticky. 
Pyrus coronaria—American Crab-apple. 
Leaves, ovate, often rather heart-shaped, cut-ser- 
rate or lobed, soon glabrous; styles, woolly and uni- 
ted at the base. 
The Crabapple is found in many parts of the Uni- 
ted States, and is very common on the borders of the 
western prairies. Its ordinary height is fifteen or 
twenty feet, but it is sometimes larger. It is a hand- 
some ornamental tree, with rose-colored fragrant 
flowers. The wood is similar to that of the common 
Apple; the fruit is of no value. The tree should be 
transplanted while small. It is easily propagated 
from seed, like the common Apple Tree. 
QUERCUS—OAK. 
Natural Order, Cupulifere. 
Sterile flowers clustered in catkins, without bracts; 
calyx, six to eight-parted; stamens, six to twelve; 
