FOREST TREES. 137 
Tlinois, and in most other parts of the Northern 
States. The wood is esteemed next to that of the 
White Oak. 
5. Quercus castanea—Chincapin Oak, Yellow Chest- 
nut Oak. 
Leaves, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-acute, white 
and slightly downy beneath, sharply-toothed; cup 
thin, acorn small. 
In the Western States this tree is called the Chin- 
capin Oak—a name which is likewise applied to a 
dwarf species, common in the Atlantic States. It is 
a tall, handsome tree, reaching the height of sixty or 
seventy feet, but usually rather slender. It grows 
in rich, cool soils, and is oftener found in valleys 
than elsewhere. The bark resembles that of the 
White Oak; the leaves are much like those of the 
Chestnut; the acorns are quite small and very sweet. 
The wood is of a yellowish color, hard, strong and 
durable. It is said to be more common in Kansas 
and Nebraska than in Illinois. It is undoubtedly 
worthy of cultivation, but it is so thinly dissemina- 
ted in most countries where it is native, that it would 
not be easy to procure any considerable quantity of 
seed. : 
All the above described species ripen their fruit 
the first year. 
6. Quercus tinctoria—Black Oak. 
Leaves, more or less rusty, pubescent when young, 
nearly smooth when old, obovate-oblong, deeply sin- 
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