156 FOREST TREES. 
3. Ulmus alata—Wahoo, Winged Elm. 
Leaves, small, ovate-oblong, and oblong-lanceolate, 
acute; bud scales, nearly smooth; branches, corky- 
winged. 
The Wahoo grows in low lands in the Southern 
States, and is found as far north as Southern Illinois. 
It is a handsome tree, rarely exceeding thirty or forty 
feet in height. It is readily distinguished by the 
conspicuous corky ridges on opposite sides of the 
branches. The wood is said to be fine-grained and 
valuable, but the tree is not sufficiently common for 
extensive use. It is preferred for the naves of carriage 
wheels. 
4. Ulmus fulua—Red Elm, Slippery Elm. 
Leaves, ovate-oblong, taper-pointed, doubly serrate, 
rough above, soft, downy beneath ; buds, soft, downy 
before expansion, with rusty hairs; branchlets, downy. 
The Red Elm is a middle-sized tree, seldom exceed- 
ing fifty or sixty feet in height, and two feet in 
diameter. It is much more common in the Western 
than in the Atlantic States. Fuller speaks of it as 
growing in low grounds, and Meehan says it will 
thrive in low, wet soil, where the other Elms will not. 
According to my own observation, which has not 
been very limited, it is usually found on drier lands, 
and in more elevated situations, than the other native 
species. 
The Red Elm is not so graceful as the White Elm, 
and is less esteemed as an ornamental tree. On the 
other hand, the wood is held in higher estimation. 
