180 FOREST TREES. 
hard, tough, and very durable timber. In Lapland 
and Siberia, it is found growing further north, and 
at a greater elevation than any other tree except the 
Birch, which is sufficient evidence of its hardiness. 
The wood of the Norway Spruce is strong, light 
and elastic; and varies in durability according to the 
soil upon which it was grown. The least valuable 
timber is said to be produced on ght, poor soils, in 
elevated situations. ‘Lhe trees are sawed into planks 
and boards which, under the name of White Deal, 
are employed for the same purposes as the White 
Pine in this country. The smaller trees are imported 
to Great Britain from Norway in the form of entire 
trunks, from thirty to sixty feet long, and not more 
than six or eight inches in diameter at the thickest 
end. Loudon remarks: “The young trees, especially 
when the bark is kept on, are fuund to be more dura- 
ble than any other species of Pine or Fir, with the 
single exception of the Larch; and for this reason 
they are admirably adapted for fencing, for forming 
roofs to agricultural buildings, and for a variety of 
other purposes.” The bark is used for tanning leather, 
and the resin is the Burgundy pitch of commerce. 
With regard to the merits of this tree for ornamen- 
tal purposes, opinions differ widely. Some object to 
the stiffness and formality of its appearance, and 
consider its regular form a defect. It is nevertheless 
generally popular in the United States. A well grown 
tree, standing alone upon a lawn and clothed with 
branches to the ground, is to most people an object of 
admiration. Many persons plant trees without appear- 
