CuaPTerR XIII. 
THE CONSTRUCTION OF PONDS. 
The fish-culturist recognizes three kinds of ponds, which are 
designated by the source from which they receive their supply. 
First, the creek and river ponds; these are fed from the source 
that gives them their names, and which may be, in fact, usually is, 
in the immediate neighborhood. The water may be conveyed to 
the ponds either by the action of a pump or by means of a drain, 
the latter undoubtedly being the least expensive, and the most relia- 
ble, besides requiring no further attention than to turn on or off 
when so desired. 
Second, spring-ponds, those fed by a spring, and it may be said in 
favor of such ponds that the supply of water is steady and of uni- 
form quality and temperature, besides being free from mud. 
Third sky-ponds, those that receive their supply from the rain that 
falls, and which is drained off or runs from the surface of adjoining 
fields. 
The value of a pond is based upon the reliability of its water 
supply, the quality of the same, as also that of the soil that forms 
the floor of the pond. Last but not least, is the location of the 
pond. The locality ought to be such that without any special 
expenditure of time, the pond can always be under supervision, thus 
guarding against pilfering upon the part of mischievous boys, the 
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