NORTB AMERICAN BIRDS. 439 



more elevated parts of Washington county, Oregon. The nests of this species are 

 situated at various heights, ranging all the way from three to thirty feet, and usu- 

 ally on the outer branches of pine or spruce trees. Their composition is fine strips 

 of bark, grass, small stems of the sage bush, pine needles, etc., lined with fine roots, 

 hairs and feathers. The eggs are usually four in number, sometimes five. Some 

 specimens are somewhat like the common type of the Yellow Warbler's, being 

 greenish-white, marked chiefly about the crown with olive-brown. The ground 

 color, however, varies from dull olivaceous-white to pale green or even pale blue, 

 and the markings are usually blackish-brown and lilac-gray; average size .67x.52. 



657. MAGNOLIA WAKBXiEB. Dendroica tnaculosa (Gmel.) Geog. Dlst. — 

 Eastern North America as far west as baSe of Rocky Mountains. Breeds from north- 

 ern parts of New England, New York, and Michigan northward to about Hudson Bay. 

 In winter, Bahamas, Cuba and Central America. 



An elegant little bird, and perhaps better known as the Black-and-yellow Warb- 

 ler. Breeds commonly in Northern New England, New York, Michigan and north- 

 ward. Not an abundant summer resident in Northeastern Ohio. Accounts of this 

 species nesting in New Hampshire and Maine have been given by Mr. William 

 Brewster, Ruthven Deane, C. J. Maynard and others. It was found breeding quite . 

 abundantly on Grand Manan by Mr. Charles H. Andros. 

 The time of laying for this species is usually in the first 

 half of June. According to Mr. Brewster it is found 

 everywhere common throughout the White Mountains of 

 New Hampshire.* Its favorite resorts are little clumps of 

 fir and spruce shrubs, also willow thickets near streams 

 and 'ponds and damp places. Its gay colors and 

 sprightly song will at once attract the attention of even 

 the casual observer. The nest is usually placed in the 65T. Magnolia Warbler. 

 horizontal twigs of a fir or spruce at heights ranging from 



five to six feet, four being the average elevation, and the favorite localities are the 

 edges or wood-paths, clearings or roads bordered by woods. Sometimes the nests are 

 built in the tops of young hemlocks ten to fifteen feet up, or in the heart of the forest, 

 thirty-five feet above the ground. The nest Mr. Brewster states is loosely put to- 

 gether, of fine twigs, preferedly hemlock, coarse grasses, dry weed stalks; the lining 

 is fine black roots, closely resembling horse hair. In general style it approaches 

 more nearly the nest of the Chestnut-sided Warbler. The eggs are four in number, 

 very rarely five. A series of forty-three sets of the eggs of this species is in Mr. 

 Norris' cabinet. The ground color of the specimens is usually creamy-white, spotted 

 and blotched with various shades of reddish-brown, hazel and chestnut. The mark- 

 ings are generally large and well defined and often form wreaths about the larger 

 ends; again the ground-color of the eggs will be almost wholly obscured by in- 

 numerable fine specks. The sizes of two sets containing the smallest and largest 

 eggs are as follows: .56x.48, .59x.48, .59x.45, .56x.47; .70x.49, .68x.47, .70x.49, .68x.49. 



658. CERULEAN WARBLER. Dendroica cwrulea (Wlls.) Geog. Dist.— East- 

 ern United States (west of the Alleghanies) and Southern Canada, east to Central New 

 York; south in winter to Cuba and northern portions of South America. 



' A beautiful little sky-blue feathered creature, and well named Azure Warbler. 

 Its home is in the top branches of trees in sylvan groves, where It may be seen 



* Bull. Nutt. Ornith Club, II, pp. 1-7. 



