FEOG 205 



week or two, then cut away all of the superfluous ends 

 of muscles, ligaments, etc., leaving just enough to hold 

 the bones together. In this preparation the mem- 

 branous parts will be found to be so flexible as to per- 

 mit of all the natural motions of the joints. Specimens 

 prepared in this way may be exposed to the air for sev- 

 eral years without deterioration. Should the ligaments 

 become stiffened, a few days' soaking in the fluid will 

 soften them again. 



The instruments and reagents 'to be provided include 

 a medium -size and a small scalpel, scissors, medium- 

 size and fine forceps, lens, pipette, bristles, blow-pipe, 

 fifty per cent, alcohol, seventy-five per cent, alcohol, 

 watch-glass, dissecting - pan, dilute nitric or hydro- 

 chloric acid, magenta, normal salt solution, one-half per 

 cent, solution of silver nitrate, distilled water, hsema- 

 toxylin, glycerine, chloroform, eosin, iodine, and micro- 

 scope. 



Method of Examination. — Study alcoholic specimens 

 in dissecting-pans containing fifty per cent, alcohol. Ee- 

 cently killed frogs may also be examined advantageously 

 in alcohol. "While working out the gross anatomy and 

 physiology, let the student have in front of him a jar of 

 water containing a living frog. 



MOEPHOLOQT 



External Anatomy. 



a. Shape. — What is the shape of the body as a whole? 

 Does it possess well-marked dorsal and ventral 

 surfaces? If so, how are they distinguished? 

 What differences between the shape of the an- 

 terior and posterior ends ? Examine several 



