MUSHROOM 303 



Structure ? Color ? Cut vertically through the 

 middle of the pileus. What is the nature of 

 the inside ? 

 Draw the pileus as seen from above, from below, and 

 in section. 



2. The stipe. — ^What is its shape? Does it have 



the same diameter throughout? What is its 

 color? Does it have the same color in all speci- 

 mens ? How is it attached to the pileus ? Is it 

 attached to the gills ? Examine the lower end 

 of the stipe. How is it attached to the soil? 

 Can you find any roots ? Use a hand-lens and 

 look for the remains of the mycelium, from 

 which the aerial part of the plant (the " mush- 

 room " proper) arises. As the mushroom de- 

 velops, does the stipe increase the more in 

 diameter or in length ? • Make transverse and 

 longitudinal sections through the stipe, and 

 compare its structure with that of the pileus. 

 Draw. 



3. The annulus. — What is its shape? How far 



from the pileus does it grow? Examine its 

 structure, and compare it with that of the mem- 

 brane on the margin of the pileus. Examine a 

 series of specimens to see that the annulus and 

 the membrane are at one time connected, and 

 form the veil or velum.. At what time and 

 how do they become separated ? Has the velum 

 any definite function ? Study a series of speci- 

 mens, and draw the different stages of develop- 

 ment. 



Microscopic Structure. 

 a. The mycelium. — Eemove from the soil a young 



