164 MAMMALIA. 



M. Raiiliii discovered a new species of Tapir, which he named 

 Tapir pinchaqtie. The head of this Pachyderm is very much like 

 that of a fossilized animal of the same family, the Palceotherimn ; 

 however, it is smaller. The Tapir pinchaque, from living in cold 

 countries and on high mountains, is entirely covered with long 

 hair, which is of a hrown colour. 



The Indian Tapir is larger than the Common Tapir, which it 

 resembles in the shape of its body. Its hair is short. Its head, 

 neck, shoulders, limbs, and tail are of a dark black colour ; its 

 back, rump, belly, flanks, and the extremity of its ears white. It 

 has no mane. It inhabits the forests of the Island of Sumatra and 

 the peninsula of Malacca. 



Among the antediluvian animals there is a group very 

 analogous to the Tapirs in their general form, in the structure of 

 the head, and the smallness of the bones of the nose : it is that of 

 the Paltxjotheriiun, which we must class among the most ancient 

 iiammalia that have ever existed on the surface of the globe. 

 Palasotheria abound in the tertiary gypsum of the Paris basin. 



Suidce. — To this genus belong the ordinary Wild Boar, the 

 exotic species which resemble it, and the different varieties of 

 Domestic Pigs. 



The animals belonging to this group have the head enlongated 

 and terminating in a strong movable snout. Their bodies are 

 generally covered with stiff hairs, called bristles. The tail is 

 rather short, and the feet have four toes ; two of these toes are 

 large ; the two others, which are smaller, are situated at the back 

 of the limb, and are not used for locomotion. Its very strong: 

 canine teeth are elongated in the shape of tusks, of which the 

 lower are longer than the upper. 



The snout is a movable prolongation of the muzzle, supported 

 by a bone, the base of which rests on the front part of the 

 upper jaw. It is set in motion by two muscles situated on each 

 side of the face. This bone is covered by a fibro-cartiLaginous 

 tissue, which is terminated in front in a circular surface, inclined 

 downwards, covered with a thick and naked skin. On the upper 

 rim or border of this truncated extremity of the muzzle is a large 

 callous swelling, with which the animal turns up the soil, whilst 

 the imder part of the muzzle is used as a ploughshare. 



