OEDEE OF QUADEUMANA. 539 



allow it to retain rank among those classed in the order of Quad- 

 rumana. 



Therefore the Quadrumana are Mammalia provided with four 

 limbs, digits with nails, disposed for climbing, and which may 

 serve for walking, having nearly always the thumb of the posterior 

 members, and often that of the anterior members, opposable to the 

 other digits. Most frequently they have two pectoral mamma;. 

 Their teeth are variable in number, but are almost constantly 

 of three kinds — incisors, canines, and molars, adapted for her- 

 bivorous, and sometimes for insectivorous, regime. The body is 

 everywhere covered with hair, except on the face (this exception, 

 however, is not found in the GaleopithecidaD or the Makis). 

 Their brain, with regard to organisation and volume, has great 

 analogy to that of man : it has three lobes on each side, the 

 posterior covering the cerebellum, and it presents, in the higher 

 species, numerous convolutions. 



The Quadrumana inhabit all the inter- tropical zone of the two 

 Continents ; they are found in Africa, America, Asia, and the 

 Malay Islands. A single species, belonging to the genus Ma- 

 cacus, actually inhabits Europe ; it is to be found on the rock of 

 Gibraltar. 



As a general rule, the Quadrumana keep to well-wooded and 

 slightly elevated regions, though they are also met with on several 

 chains of mountains, such as the Cordilleras of New Grenada, the 

 Himalaya and Atlas mountains, and Table-Mountain, at the Cape 

 of Good Hope. 



With the exception of some savage races, who add the flesh of 

 the Quadrumana to their list of articles of food, Man derives but 

 little utility from them. 



The order of Quadrumana comprises five families : the Galeo- 

 pithecidee, the Cheiromys, the Makis, the Ouistitis, and the 

 Monkeys. 



Family of Galeopithecid.^. — This family only reckons a 

 single genus, the Colugo or Galeopithecus, which again contains 

 but a small number of species. 



The Galeopithecus (Fig. 234) was for a long time ranged among 

 the Cheiroptera, which we have already studied. It is one of 

 those transition animals that we so frequently find when studying 



