132 SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 



§ 1. Leaven alternate. 



1. EIBES. Leaves palmately veined and lobed ; sometimes with narrow stipules 



united with tiie base of the petiole. Calyx with its tube cohering with the 

 ovary, and often extended beyond it, tlie 5 lobes Usually colored like the 

 petals. Petals and stamens each 6, on the throat of the calyx, the former 

 small and mostly erect. Styles 2 or partly united into one ; ovary 1-celled 

 with 2 parietal placentse, in fruit becoming a juicy berry, crowned witii tiie 

 shrivelled remains of the rest of the flower. 



2. ITEA. Leaves pinnately veined, not lobed. Flowers in a raceme. Calyx 



nearly free from the 2-celled ovary, 5-cleft. Petiils lanceolate, much longer, 

 than the calyx, and inserted along with the 5 stamens near its base. Pod 

 slender, 2-celled, splitting through the style and the partition. 



§ 2. Leaves opposite. Calyx-tube wholly coherent icitk the top-shaped or hemispherical 

 ovary^ but not at all extended beyond it. 



» Stamens indefinite, 20 - 40. 



3. DECUMARIA. Flowers small, in a compound terminal cyme. Calvx mi- 



nutely 7-10 toothed. Style thick. Petals 7 - 10, valvate in the bud. Pod 

 small, top-shaped, many-ribbed, bursting at the sides'between the ribs. 



4. PHILADELPHUS. Flowers showy, often corymbed or panicled. _Calyxwith 



4 or 6 valvate lobes. Petals 4 or 6, broad, convolute in the bud. Styles 

 3-5, usually somewhat united below. Ovary 3 - 5-celled, becoming a pod, 

 which splits at length into as many pieces. 



* * Stamens only tioice as many as the petals, 8 or 10. 



5. DEUTZIA. Flowers all alike and perfect, more or less panicled, showy. 



Lobes of the calyx 5. Petals 5, valvate with the edges turned inwards. 

 Filaments flat, the 5 alternate ones longer, commonly with a tooth or fork on 

 each side next the top. Styles 3 -5, slender. Pod 3-5-eelled. 



6. HYDRANGEA. Flowers in cymes, commonly of two sorts, the marginal ones 



(or in high-cultivated plants almost ail) enlarged and neutral, consisting of 

 coroUa-like calyx only (Lessons, p. 84, fig. 167) ; the others perfect, with a 

 4-5-toothed calyx, as many small petals valvate in the bud, and twice as 

 many stamens with slender filaments. Style 2 - 5, diverging. Ovary 2-5- 

 celled', becoming a small pod which opens at the top between tile styles. 



II. Herbs, forming the Saxifrage Family proper. Stipules 

 none or confluent with the base of tlie petiole. Seeds usually many. 



» Stamens as many as the petals and alternate mth them, usually 5, and a cluster of 

 gland-iippea stirile fihmehts' before eachpetal: stigmas mostly t,directlyover 

 as many parietal piacentoB, 



7. PARNASSIA. Flower solitary, terminating a scape-like stem ; the leaves 



mostly from the root, rounded, smooth, and entire. Calvx free from the 

 ovary, of 5 sepals. Petals 5, veiny, imbricated in the bud. Styles none. 

 Pod 1-celled, many-seeded. 



• * Stamens only as many as the petals, 4 or 5: no sterile filaments ; stylet 2 and 

 alternate with the placenta or partition. 



8. HEUCHERA. Flowers small, in a long panicle, mostlv on a scape. Calyx 



bell-shaped, the tube cohering below w'ith the l-celled"ovary, and continued 

 beyond it, above 5-cleft, and bearing 5 small spatulate erect petals at 

 the sinuses. Styles slender. .Pod 1-celled, 2-beaked at the apex, opening 

 between the beaks. 



9. BOYKINIA. Flowers in a corymb-like cyme; Calyx 5-lobed, the tube 



cohering with the 2-celled ovary. Petals 5, convolute in the bud, deciduous. 

 Styles 2, short. Pod 2-celled, opening between the two beaks. 



« « * Stamens twice the number of the petals or the lobes of the calyx, mostly 10 ; 

 pod commonly 2-bbed, beaked, or 2, rarely 3-4, nearly separate pods. 



^- Petals entire, mostly 5. 



10. SAXIFEA6A. Flowers in cymes or panicles, or rarely solitary, perfect. 



Leaves simple or palmately cut. Petals imbricated in the bud. Pod 2- 

 ■ celled below, or 2 (rarely more) separate pistils and pods, many-seeded. 



11. ASTILBE. Flowers in spikes or racemes collected in an ample compound 



panicle, sometimes polygamous or dioecious. Leaves ample, decompound. 



