188 COMPOSITE FAMILT. 



solitary long-stalked head, the outer flowers very large and blue, with white or 

 rose-colored varieties. ® @ 



C. mont&na. Cult, ftom En. : low and stout stems from creeping root- 

 stock, leaves lance-oblong, head larger, but flowers similar to last. y. 



§ 3. Ameerb6a. Marqimd stmie flowers many ; pappus of narrow chaff, or 

 none : scales of head naked and smooth. Cult, for ornament, from Asia. 



C. odor^ta, or Ambekboi, Sweet Sultana. Smooth, with mostly pin- 

 natifld leaves, long-stalked head of yellow fragrant flowers, the outer ranks 

 enlarged, and chaffy-bristled pappus. ® 



C. mosch^ta, Mlsk-scented S., has rose-purple or white musk-scented 

 flowers, theouter little enlarged, and no pappus, (i) 



9. XANTHIUM, COCKLEBUR, CLOTBUR. (Name from the Greek 

 for j,e//o!o, the plants said to yield that color.) Coarse and vile weeds, with 

 stout and low bi-anching stems, alternate and petioled merely toothed or lobed 

 leaves, and obscure greenish r flowers, produced all summer. ® 



X. Strum^ium, Common C. Barnyards and waste manured ground : 

 rough, l°-2° high, with broadly triangular-heart-shaped toothed or slightly 

 lobed leaves on long petioles ; the fruit a bur fully J' long, with 2 straightish 

 beaks at the apex. 



Var. eehinAtum, on sandy shores, has a turgid bur 1' long, with incurved 

 beaks and more numerous prickles, beset with glandular bristles. 



X. spinosum, Spiny C. Sandy shores and waste places, E. & -S. 

 Hoary ; .the branching stems armed with slender triple prickles at the base of 

 the narrow short-petioled leaves ; bur small, with a single beak-like tip. 



10. AMBROSIA, RAGWEED. (The classical name means /oorf/jr tAe 

 Gods; perhaps sarcastically applied to these miserable weeds.) Leaves oppo- 

 site or the upper alternate, mostly lobed or cut : flowers greenish, all summer 

 and autumn. ® 



A. trifLda, Great Ragweed. Tall coarse herb along low borders of 

 sti-eams, 4°- 10° high, rough, with opposite deeply 3-lobed leaves on margined 

 petioles, the lobes lance-ovate and serrate, staminate heads in racemes, their in- 

 volucres 3-ribbed on one side, the fertile one or fruit obovate and with 5 or 6 

 ribs ending in a tubercle or spiny point. 



A. bidentkta. Prairies from 111. S., l°-3° high, hairy, very leafy ; the 

 leaves alternate, closely sessile, lanceolate, and with a short lobe or tooth jn one 

 side near the base ; heads in a dense spike, the top-shaped involucre of the sterile 

 ones with a large lanceolate appendage on one side. 



A. artemisiSBfdlia, Roman Wormwood, Hogweed, or Bitterweed. 

 Waste places and roadsides, l°-3° high, hairy or roughish ; with twice pin- 

 natifid leaves either opposite or alternate, pale or hoary beneath, staminate 

 heads in panicled racemes or spikes, the small roundish fruit with about 6 little 

 teeth or spines. 



11. TANACETUM, TANSY. (Old name, said to be a corruption of 

 Athanasia, undying, from the durable flowere.) Fl. all summer. ^ 



T. vulgiire, Common Tansy, from Eu. : cult, in old gardens, and a road- 

 side weed, 2° -4° high, smooth, strong-scented and acrid, with deep green 1-3- 

 pinnately compound leaves, the leaflets and winged margins of the petiole cut- 

 toothed ; in var. crIspum, leaves more cut and crisped. 



T. Balsamlta, Costmaky : a garden herb, from Eu., 1° -2° high, smooth, 

 with pleasant scent, the pale leaves oblong and nearly toothed, and small heads 

 of pale yellow flowers. 



12. ARTEMISIA, WORMWOOD. (Dedicated to Artemis, the Greek 

 Diana.) Fl. summer. 



# Leaves hoary or cottony, at least underneath. ^ 

 A. Absinthium, Common Wormwood, from Eu. ; in old gardens and 

 a roadside weed ; strong^socnted, silky-hoary, with stems 2° - 4° high and rather 



