194 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



S. atireus, Golden Raowokt or Sqcaw-weed. Cottony when young, 

 becoming smooth with age, sometimes quite smooth when young, with simple 

 stems l°-3° high, root-leaves simple and in different varieties either round, 

 obovate, heart-shaped, oblong, or spatulate, crenate or cut-toothed, on slender 

 petioles, lower stem-leaves lyrate, upper ones sessile or clasping and cut-pin- 

 natifid ; corymb umbel-like ; rays 8 - 12. 2/ 



§ 2. Exotic species, cultivated for ornament from the Old World. 



* EMfLiA, or CacXlia, of the older botanists, with, no rays,lnit many orange- 



red disk-fluwers in a very simple cup-like involucre : akenes with 5 acute 



and^ kispid-ciliate angles, ® 

 S. sonchifdlia, TasseL-Flowee : cult, as a summer annual, from India, 

 very smooth or & little bristly, pale or glaucous, 1 ° - 2° high, with root-leaves 

 ohovate and petioted, stem-leaves sagittate and partly clasping, and rather showy 

 heads in a naked corymb, in summer. 



* » Heads^with -no rays and only 6 -12 disk-flowers, smaU, yellow: stem exlensivdy 



climbing, more or Uss twining. 



, S. sc^ndens, cult, as house plant under the name of German Ivy, but is 



from Cape of G9od Hope, and resembles Ivy only in the leaves, which are 



round-heart-shaped or angled and with 3-7 pointed lobes, soft and tender in 



texture, and very smooth : the flowers seldom produced. % 



» « * CiNERAEiA. Heads with rays and numerous disk-flowers : not climbers. 



■I- Flowers all gellow. % 

 S. Ciner&ria, or Cineraria MAKixiMA, of Mediterranean coast, an old- 

 fashioned house-plant, ash-white all over (whence the name Cineraria and the 

 popular, .one of IDdsty Miller) with a woolly coating ; the branching stems 

 somewhat woody at base ; leaves pinnately parted and the divisions mostly ' 

 sinuate-lobed ; the small heads in a dense corymb. 



S. E^mpferi, of Japan and China, is most probably the original of the 

 PAEFtiGiuM orAnde, lately introduced into the gardens, where it hardly ever 

 flowers : it is cultivated for the foliage, the thick and smooth rounded and angled 

 rather kidney-shaped root-leaves blotched with white ; some of the flowers more 

 or less 2-lipped. % .', 



■*- •*- Ray-flowers purple, violet, blue, or varying to white, those of the disk of 

 similar, colors or sometimes yellow. 



S. Heretiferi, or CinerXeia lanAta, from Teneriffe, with woody base 

 to the stem, rounded heart-shaped 5 - 7-lobed leaves on slender petioles, veiy 

 white-cottony beneath but soon smopth and green above, and peduncle bearing ' 

 solitary' rather large head of purple flowers, is a less common house-plant than 

 the next. 7^ 



S. cru6ntua, the Common CiNiRABiA of the greenhouses, fipm Tene- 

 riffe, is herbaceous, smoothish, with the heart-shaped and angled more or less 

 cut-toothed leaves green above and usually crimson or purple underneatli, the 

 lower with wing-margined petioles dilated into clasping auricles at the base ; 

 heads numerous in a flat corymb, the handsome flowers purple, crimson, blue, 

 white, &c. :y : ^ ^ 



S. ^legaus, Purple Kagwort, from Cape of Good Hope, a smooth herb, 

 with deeply pinnatifid leaves, the lower petioled, the upper with half clasping 

 base, the lobes oblong and often sinuate-toothed ; heads corymbed, with yellow 

 or purple disk-flowers and purple or rarely white ralys. ® And a full-double 

 variety, having the disk-flowers turned into rays. IJ. 



31. ABNICA. (Old name, thought to be a corruption of Ptarwica.) The 

 common European species is used in, medicine. The following probably has 

 similar properties. ^ 



A. nudicatllis, so called for the naked stem, which bears only 1 or 2 pairs ' 

 of small leaves, although l°-3° high, the main leaVeS being clustered at the 

 root, thiokish, sessile, ovate or oblong, 3 - .'5-nci'ved, mostly entire, hairy ; heads 

 several, loosely corymbed, pretty large and showy, in spring. Low pine-bai'rens 

 from S. Penn. S. v r o r 



