VERVAIN FAMILT. 241 



5. DIANTHERA. (From Greek for double anther, alluding to the two 



separated cells on each filament.) Fl. all summer. ^ 



D. OVita. Muddy hanks of streams S. -. 4' -8' high, smooth, with lance- 

 orate short-petioled leaves longer than the 3-4-flowered peduncles in their 

 axils, and small pale purple flowers. 



D. Americana. Wet borders of streams : 2° high, smooth, with long 

 linear-lanceolate leaves, and long peduncles (4' -6' long) bearing an oblong 

 spike of pale purple flowers. 



78. VERBENACE.ZE, VERVAIN FAMILY. 



Plants with opposite (or sometimes whorled) leaves,, differing 

 from the other orders with irregular monopetalous and didynampus 

 or tetrandrous flowers by the ovary not 4-lobed and with a. single 

 ovule in each of its (1-4) cells, the fruit either fleshy or when 

 dry at length splitting into as majiy 1-celled indehiscent nutlets. 



Besides the following some species of Clebodendeon are culti- 

 vated, in choice conservatories. 



§ 1. Flowers in hmdsj splhes, or racemes, {hejhwers expanding from hehw upwards. 



1. PBRYMA. Flowers in slender loose spikes. CaljTc cylindrical, Zrlipped, the 



upper lip of 3 slender-pointed teeth, the lo-yver short and 2r-toothed- Corolla 

 tubular, 2-llpped, the ilpper lip notched, lower larger and S-lobcd. Stamens 

 included. Ovaiy l-oelled,. forming a simple akene in the calyx. Herb. 



2. VERB£NA. Flowers in spikes or heads. CalyxtUbular or prismatic, 5-ribbed 



and plaited. Corolla salver-form, the tube often cui-vod, the border rather 

 unequally 5-cleft. "gtamens included: upper pair sometimes wanting, the 

 anthers. Ovary' 4-ceiledj at maturity splitting into 4 dry akenes or nutlets. 

 Herbs. 



8. LIPPIA. Flowers in heads, spikes, or racemes. Calyx tubular, 2- 5-toothed. 

 Corolla tubular, with. S-lobed 2-lipped border, the lower 3-lobed lipi larger. 

 Stamens included. , Ovary and dry fruit 2-Celledi 2-seeded. ; 



4. LANT ANA. Flowers in heads or short . spikes. Calyx minute, obscjirely 

 4-toothed. Corolla with an unequal 4-cleft spreading border, the upper lobe 

 sometimes notched. Stamens included. Ovary 2-oeUed, becoming berry- 

 like, and containmg 2 little stones or nutlets. Shrubs or herbs. 



§ 2. Flowers nearly regular, in cymes from tlie axils of the simple leaves : shrubs. 

 6. CALLICAEPA. Calyx 4 - 5-toothed, short. Corolla tubidar-bell-sha'ped, short, 

 4-6-lobed. Stamens 4, protruded, nearly equal. Ovary 4-cellea, in fruit 

 berry-like, with 4 little stones. 



§ 3. Flowers irregular, in cymes or clusters in the axils of the compound digitate 



leaves or of the upper leaves reduced to bracts : sUrubs or trees. ' 



6. VITEX. Calyx B-toothed. Corolla tubular, with a spreading 2-lippigd border, 



the lower lip S'-parted and rather larger than the 2-lobed upper lip. Stamens 



4, protruded, as is the style. Ovary 4-celled, becoming berry-like in the 



fruit, which contains a single 4-celled stone. 



1. PHIl"^MA, LOPSEED. (Name of unknown meaning.) One species. 

 P. LeptOSt&chya. Copies, &c. ; 2°-3° high, with coarsfely-toothed ovate 



thin leaves, and branches terininated by the. slender spikes of very small purplish 

 flowers, in summer, the pedicels reflexed in frait. y. 



2. VEBBEITA, VERVAIN. (Latin name of some sacred herbs.) Fl. all 

 summer. — Genus of difficult analysis on account of numerous hybrids, both 

 wild and in cultivation. 



§ 1. Vervains native to the country, or growing as wild weeds, mosth/ in waste 

 or cultivated ground ; the flowers insignificant ^ in slender spikes ; no appen- 

 dage at tip of the anthers. All but tfie last with upright stems, y. 



v. augustifblia, Narrow-leaved V. Stems 6' -18' high; leaves nar- 

 Id 



