-NETTLE FAMILY. 299 



M. nigra, Black M. Middle-sized tree, planted and sparingly run wild 

 from the Levant ;' leaves rongh ; spikes short and short-pednncled ; fruit short- 

 oblong or glohular, red turning black, pleasant-tasted. 



M. klha,. White M. Small'tree, planted from China : the leaves feed silk- 

 worms, these are smooth and mostly oblique at base ; spikes slender-peduncled, 

 in fruit oval or oblong, white or pale rose-colorj rather insipid. 



6. BEOUSSONETIA, PAPER-MULBEKRY. (Named for BroMssonci, 

 a French naturalist.) 



B. papyrifera, of Japan. Cult, as a shade-tree from New York S. : 

 spreading by suckers, with a very»iibrous bark ; leaves rough above, do\vny be- 

 neath, serrate, some of them ovate or slightly heart-shaped, others 3-cleft or 

 vaiiously lobed : flowering in spring. 



7. MACLtlRA, OSAGE-ORANGE. (Named fbr the late Mr. Madure, 

 founder of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. ) 



M. aurantlaca. Common 0., or Bois d'akc (Bow-wood, the tough 

 yellow wood used for bows by the Indians). Low bushy tree from Arkansas, 

 &c. : multiplying rapidly by its running roots ; planted for hedges, especially 

 W. ; armed with slenderand very sharp spines ; leaves la,nce-ovate, entire, very 

 glossy : fl. spring. 



8. UHTICA, NETTLE. (The classical Latin name.) Common in waste 

 grounds and near dwellings : fl. summer. 



» Flower-clusters in branching panicled spikes : often dicecims. 2/ 



TJ. dioiea, Common N. a we^ from Eu., full of stings, 2^-3° high, 

 with heart-ovate very deeply serrate leaves downy beneath. 



U. gracilis. Fence-rows, &c. : 2° - 6° high, with ovate-lanceolate less 

 deeply serf ate leaves, longer petioles, rather few stings, and slender spikes. 



* # Flower-clusters shorter than the petiole, most'y 2 in the same axil, containing 

 both sorts qfjiowers : stings scattered. , (T) 



U. chamaedryoldes. Wild S. & W. : slender, with heart-ovate or l^nce- 

 ovate leaves moderately toothed, and dense flower-eljusters., , 



U. tirens. Small N. Weed from Eu., not common : 8' - 12' high, wifh 

 ovate leaves deeply cut into long spreading teeth ; flower-clusters small, loose. 



9. LAPORTEA, WOOD-NETTLE. (Named for one Zaporte.) ^ 



Ii. Canadensis. Moist and rich woods : 2° -3° high; ovate leaves 4' -7' 

 long and long-petioled, a single 2-cleft stipule in the axil : fl. all summer. 



10. BCEHMEBIA, FALSE-NETTLE. (Named for Prof. Bdhmer of 

 Germany. ) ^ 



B. eyllndrica. Moist shady grounds, 10-3° high, smoothish; leaves 

 mostly opposite, ovate or lance-ovate, 3-nerved, serrate, long-petioled ; flower- 

 clusters crowded in long narrow interrupted spikes, in summer. 



B. nivea. Ramie, or the Geass-Cloth Plant of China, &e., 3''-4° high, 

 with ovate leaves white-downy beneath, is recently planted S. W. for its very 

 valuable textile fibres. 



11. CANNABIS, HEMP. (The ancient name.) Fl. aU summer. ; (I) 



C. satlva, Common Hemp. Tall coarse plant from the Old World : cult, 

 for the fibres of its stem. 



12. HUMTJLTJS, HOP. (Name said to be a diminutive of humus, the 

 ground ; the application not apparent. ) Fl. summer. 2/ 



H. Ltipulus, Common Hop. Wild in alluvial soil N. & W. : also cult, 

 from Eu. for hops ; the aromatic bitterness resides in the yellow resinous grains 

 which appear on the fruiting calyx, akenes, &c. ; stems almost prickly down- 

 wards ; loaves heart-shaped and strongly 3 - 7-lobed. 



