IIaXDBOOK of TeE.es of the ISTORTJIERN S'l'ATES AND CaNADA. 421 



Lrarrs scssili', lliusr of yoiinu- ti'Oi's niid stprilc hi'aiiches usually flat (four-skied in Abica 

 mafiiii/irii ) I'dundiMl oi- i'niar,L;inali' at ajirx, centrally grooved above, si)irally arranged, but 

 geneially a|i|ii'a i-iiig li-iankcd liy a twisi in llieir liases anil stomatiferous only below; leaves 

 of leading- shoots and fertile lii-anches crowili'il, inr\ir\ed and iiKiri- or less iinadrangohir. obtuse 

 or acute at ariex, and sometinirs stoma I ilCrous ahuve, jiersislcnt for eight or ten years and 

 when falling away Icaviirg a circailai- Ihit srar: lesin-ducls LI; brancli-lin Is usually resin 

 coaled. I'hnicix rinni llic axils of the lc;i\c's nf I he lucvious year and contiiieil to I he uiiiiei- 



branclii's; Ihe slannnale in abundant i the hiwer side of branehh'ls, ohlmig «ilh stipe, 



'surrounded at base with hud si-ales: aid lier-r(dls '_', extrnrse, niiiaiing ( rii iisvers.dy and con- 

 necti\i' li'Miiiiiatin^ in a kiinli : iiistillalc llnweis nrii iin iip|ier side of bia iirhli't and usually 

 only lliose i.r tlie (oiunost braiii'lies. globose iir ( yliiidrical-oldniig ; si-ah's iiiiiin' cms, iinlirirated 

 and slioiirr lliaii their miimonale luads. Cniirn em I, (.\(.id Ic. i-yl ilid liial-old iiig. inaturiiig 

 the tirsi y:)\-. wilh numerous broad thin imbricaled s.ales. each bearing 2 seeds and s|iringing 



from the axil of a thin menibramuis bract \A'liicli \\]i]] the scale and s Is falls awa.N' at 



maturity from Ihe siraight jiersistent axis; seed I'li rnisheil wilh resin \esicles and a large 

 nienibi aiMMis obliijiu' wing at apex; colyled(ms 4-10, shorter than radicle. 

 Ahirs is the ancient I^atiii name of the Fir-tn<\ 



KEY TO Till-] Sl'ECIES. 



Bracts of cones shorter than llicir scales and inidosed A. balsamea. 



Bracts of conies niiah longi.'r Iliaii their scales and ndlexed A. Fraseri. 



For .sviccCs- ,src 1)11. .I'l-.iT. 



THE BALD CYPRESS. Genus TAXODTUM Rich. 



The genus I'lt.rDiliii iii rdiisists of two or three species id' icsinous trees of great economic 

 value and polynioilic liatdts of growth. < ►no is found on the table-lands of ^lexico and indi- 

 viiluals of lliis sjiccies are r-'UiarkaVde for tludr enniniDus size and age. 



Ijiiins decidiiiuis in our species, spirally arrangrd and of I w'o sorts, viz., flat linear- 

 lanceolalc and spreading sn as lo aii|icar li-ranked, siiiuoth, pale, and wilh obscure midrib and 

 stomalose limicalh; and scale-like and appi'essed. I'linrirx appearing in early spriirg before 

 the li'ine^ unisexual from buds formed ihe previous year; Ihe stamiiiale unmerous in long 

 termiu;il didoi'ing ijanieled s|ukes with b-S stamens Icniiig broad yellow pellate coniieeti\es and 

 2-vah'ed aiilhers; iiistilhile anicnts o\'oid and appearing singly or few together ur'ar Ihe ends of 

 branehh'ls (d' the pre\'ioiis year and consisting of a few braclless scales each with a pair of 

 o\iiles at lis fiase. i'ntn'x globose or nearly so, shorl-stalked, maturing Ihe hrst year; scales 



thick w- I.w rieaiiboidal, valvule, and hearing each two seeds and large glaiuls Hlled with liquid 



ri'sin ; seeds irregularly triangular-pyramidal, with coriaceous or woody coat; cotyledons 4-!). 



Tile name ']'<(. raili ii iii is from (ireek words indiealing the resemblance id' the leaves to those 

 of tlie Yew-tree. 



/■\ir .^jirrirs .s-cc pp. :iS-.ifl. 



THE ARBOR-VIT.ffiS. Gknts THUYA L. 



Important evergreen Irees cd' few s]ieeies with \"ery durable wood, iiyramidal head, resinous 

 juice and handsome frond-like Hat 12-raiiked siirays ot foliage. They are conniied to the 

 northern regions of Xorlli Aiimrica. .lapaii and casiern Asia. 'Pwo are Xorlli -Vmerican, one 

 a valuable limber-tree of the I'aeihc slope and the other widely distributed in the Atlantic 

 states and Canada. 



fjiinrx small, decussate, chisidy imbricated in 4 ranks, scale-like, stomatiferous and 



inimdeil (U slightly keeled on the liac'k. those on ultimate si is obtuse and compressed forming 



a flat s|ira.\' and ' I hose on linger uvigs more spreading and acute or siihidate on seedlings 

 finirers vei'-v small, momecioiis. (criuiiial. Ihe two sexes nsiiail) on differenl lira iicidet s . sl.imi- 

 nate subgiobose with 4-(l o|i]iosile Hlamcnts having |i.dtate connectives bearing each 4-1. anllier- 

 eells- i.istdhite with S-12 o|i|iosile si'iiles each with L! eivct o\'ules. (',,}ir.i small, ovoid-oblong. 

 matu'rin- (he Hrst season, with tVw thin oblong leath.Tv sci.les thickened at aiiex and nnlv 

 the 2 or :i midille pairs fertile; seeds iisuiilly 2 at Ihe base ot' each scale, oblong, compressed 

 and usuallv with latei'al wings not united at ajiex ; c(U\lcdoiis 2. ,.,,,- 



'J'liiii/d is the ancient (ireek name of some coiiifia-ons tree and aiiplied liy Linnieus to 



this genus. 



For xpcoic.i .s'cc lip. VI- II. 



THE COAST CEDARS. Genus GMAALECYPART.S Sp.\cit. 



Tall evergreen |i\raiiiidal trees wilh resinous juice, fragrant valuable wood, foliage in 

 flat oiicii fan-like s|iiays wilh some of the branchlels deciduous. A half dozen species are 

 known confined to North America. .Taiian and Formosa, with many abnormal forms due fe 

 the gardener's art. <>f the North American species two are coulined to the Pacific and one to 

 the Atlantic coast regions. 



