-t.">-t MaGKOLIACE^T!. 



THE OSAGE ORANGE. (,i:m s TOXMJ )X R afinesoue. 



A genus o( a siii;;|p Aiiicricaii aperies. A tin- with .lrriil\ fiiriou'cd oi-aiisv-biuwii liark 



aud sUkIiUn" acfiil milky juire. 



Liiii-'K in\i)lnii' in llir Iniil, liroa(l-ii\al ■' tn olildn;,' ami oliliii);.'-lancr(.lal('. i-iiinuled. nblnsH 

 01' subcoiilatp at liasr. aiumi na ti'. piiliir. ]iinnalp|,\ vrini^il, ll.r \i> ii^ aiiiialr and niiiird nrai' 

 the mai-.:;in. wliili-^li l.niaaiKisp at lirsl liiil linally In-il.nn^ daili ^irrn aliiixc. ihillia- and 

 conspicaionsly ivi iitihi li'-\ aim'd ln-nrarli. tniaiin^' Ind^lil yrllow in autnniii: ]ictinlcs I'ailicr 

 long, ti'ivti' ; sli]iiili's tiaaii^ula r. small, cadmuus ; lii-anchhds arnu'd \yith sharp axillary 

 spines. j'lun-'is in hate sp.iim aller the nnnddm^ n\ t : ,- hav.'s. d aeciial.^. I.i;lit ^ a ee n : [ la- 

 staminale in Innu-ped'.inenl.a i e sn"ii:l<il),(^e heads fi nm the ax Is (d' (aaiwaled h';i\a'; on shnft 

 latPi-al sjini's: pedi-eN -i,.iider : rs h v -l-lelei I,. iW' m'I'I ^lannais 4, mnii'-'te the calyx 

 lobes. incuf\'ed in the hud and elastically stfaiiht^-ninu^ and berDmini:" exseiaed: anlhei-s J-celled ; 



I)i^lillale ll.i«els in deli.-.e ,yh,h,i^e heads, sess.h' ... w.lli slant pedlimdes in tae axils of the 

 leaves nn Ihe slaicds .d' ihe ye.ar; calyx d.iyidi'd In the l.asc with thick c(nica\e iiei'sisleiit 



lube- cl(i,-ely in\cstin,i; tl \'ai-y. tla- 1 wai onier lobes ila- largest: oyai-y ()\a)id. c(nni)ressed. 



tip]icd w d h a hni,^' hlil'enan si\|e ami '-mdainin'^ a siicjle analiaipms suspiMidi'd .)\aile. Ftnit 

 a |,dobos(- \ell(A\ish i^ieeii .a,i;i;ri'i^al i(ai id' idcni.^ated dlaiiielels. e.acli consisliim oi a nutlet 

 enyeloped liy ihe enhu'Ked tlesliy calyx, the tips of the lolics of which fuiaa the foiiKlieiied 

 surface of tlie fruit. 



/■V;)- .^/a clr.s' .Qcr p/i. 2^l'^—Jf!3. 



Division 2. POLYPETAL.a:. 



Flowers lyitli both i-alyx aial corolla (or without corolla in I /niiinhnnlxir. IfaiiuniicVi.i, 

 some spe(.ies (_d' .-lc<r, and s(nne exti'a-limital species I and tie' ciurdla cousistiny of separate 

 petals. 



MAGNOLIA FAMILY. ^[A( iXOLIACE.E. 



Trees and shrubs (if ten gaaierti and ttbotit seveidy siiecies. ^yith bitter arornatic bark, 



watery juici'. ami thick rootlets. Of the ten .genera fmir are re|n'eseuteil in Niudli America, 



and of these two are arlKU'esceiif. both tiees of the Atlaidic states. 



J^ciiris altiaaiate. jietiidale. ]iinmi(ely-vciued. with minute trans|iai-iuit dots, conduplicate 

 and incloseil hy theii' siijailes in the bml. jl'inrrs laru'e. sc)liiary, terniiual, perfect. 

 pedtimadate. ami imloscil in the hnd in a siiiinla!' caducmis shealh: sejials ;iud petals ijeuer- 

 allv colored alike, imbricated in the bud, hY]Misenous. decidtious ■, stamens and pistils numerous, 

 imbricated and inserted on an elongated receptacle, the stamens beneath the pistils: OTules 

 two. anatro]ious. Fruit compound, composed of numerous l-il-seeded follicles or samertB 

 massed toeetlier. 



KEY TO THE (;exei;a. 



L'tirpels at nmturity fleshy, dehiscent, jjersistent ; leaves entire; anthers inrrorse. 



Magnolia. 

 (.'arpels dry. iiidehiscent. dcciditous : leaves kibed ; anthers cxtreu'se Liriodendron. 



THE MAGNOLIAS. Gexus ^lAGXOlAA L. 



Trees of aboul twenty sjiecii-s c(udined to easlcrn Xcu-fh Anieidca. .Mexico, eastern Asia, 

 and the Ilimalayas. Seven species ate imiigenous to the I'uited States and several Asiatic 

 species. Idosscmnng before lh(- a]ipcar;incc of the leaves, arc introduci'd for oiaiainental ptir- 

 jiosc ■ but so far as we know mure of these have become nalnralized. 



Lrairx cpiioi'ally barge, entire and deciiluons or tua-sistcid. /■'Jmr-ix (in Ih.- American 

 species 1 aiu'eaiaiiLt afler the haiM's; sepals three, stn-cailiiig ; inaals six to Iwdve. conctive, 

 in seiaes of three each; stamens early deciduous, with \ia'y short lilaimails and linear L'-ccdIeil 

 intr.u's autlua-s. and a|M(ailati' connc, fixes ; ovary sessile. 1-celled. with L' horiziuual ovtdes 

 and recur\'ed slyle. Fniil a reddish suciaileid ccnic-shapcd or (auaunlier-shaiied mass of 

 coalesceui iiersistent follicles, .-ach dehis.-cni at maturity ahui- its doi'sal suture and lih.u'atim;- 



(oic ..r two large scarhd .lni|iedikc compressed s Is, suspended hy an extensile thread .d' 



uncoiled sjiiral vessels; luiibryo minute ai the b.asc of llesli\ albumen. 



Cenus named in honor of I'iiri' .Maiiiud, I'rof. of r.otanj' at Montpelier in the ITtli 

 centtirv. 



KEY TO THE Sl'ECIES. 

 a Leaves deciduous, thin 



b Buds silkydoincntose : h'ax'es 



Oblong, nioslly lamnded or obtuse al base M. acuminata. 



Obovate, auricuhate at base M. niacrophylla. 



b^ I'uds glabrous; banes tibo\;ite eir obhlticeolale 



<'"ueate at base M. tripetala. 



Aunculale .al h.isc M. Frascri. 



a' I^e;t\es subpicrsisl eu I . thi(d<. rii:id; buds silky puliesccut M. {ilaiica. 



/■'or .syicco-.s- scr /i;,. J(l'i-.!1.1. 



