I1an,-di;ook oi.- Tkkes uif the _Xok,tiieeat y taxes and C'axalia. -ioD 



early times and is now planri'd in all teuii]ei'ate r<'.uious. its frait hax'iuK been vastly imijrovcd 

 upon its natural eonrlition, and it has escaped and become commonly naturalized throughout 

 eastern United States and Canada. Tlie trees attaiu a hei.uht of from 3(l-riO ft., with wide 

 spreading branches and the trunk sometimes 2 or .':! ft. in diameter. The close-grained hard 

 wood is valued in turnery for certain uses. Lcarex ovate to oval, mostly rounded or cordate 

 at base, acute or acuminate, irregularly serrate, gray-tomeutose at first (as are all new- 

 growths i, at maturity glabrous dull greeu above, more or less pubescent beneatli and soft in 

 texture: petioles stout. I'lnim-s appearing with the leaves, white or more or less pink- 

 flushed. 1-1' in. across, in close dusters with stout woody pedicels ^-ly, in. long; calyx 

 tomeutose. Fruit very various in size and ijuality, tluit of seedling trees not true to the 

 parents and geuerally inferior. 



SlBEEIAX CR-yB. I'lini.^ /jniiiifiilid Willd, Oci-asionall\- found escaped from i-ultivation. 

 It is thought to be a Uylirid betwe(Ui /'. Mdlus L. and the Asiatic /'. hiirrdfu Jj. It is a small 

 spreading tree differing from the J'. Miilus in having smooth and sometimes entire lea\-es, with 

 longer more slender and smaller leaf and fiaiit-stenis and snuiU Hrm tart fruit. 



THE MOUNTAIN-ASHES. Genus SORBUS L. 



Trees and shrulis of about seven widel\- distriliuted species of the north temperate regions, 



three being natives of North America and a fourth is a naturalized species introduced from 



the (Jld AVorld. They have a smooth aromatic bark, stout brauchlets and large buds with 



imbricated scales, the innermost of which are accrescent. 



Iaiii-is alternate, deciduous, pinnately corniiound (in the American species) with serrate 

 leaflets: stipules caducous. Fhum-x jierfeit. ri'gular. white, in terminal compound cymes: 

 calyx with urn-shaped tupe and live iicrsistenl lobes imbricated in the bud: petals ."i, white, 

 spreading, rounded, with short claw: stamens luunerous : ovary inferior with usually 3 carpels, 

 .'-1 distinct styles and truncate stigmas: ovules 2 in each cell, erect. Fruit a small red beri'y- 

 like iiome with thin flesh, piaiiery carpels and containing in each cell 1 or 2 pointed erect seeds 

 with smooth cartilaginous coat : cotyledons fleshy, plano-convex, with no albumen. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 

 a Leaflets glabri:)its above and 



Long acuminate : fruit I4 in. or less in diameter S. Americana. 



Acute or obtuse : fruit alMUit ^ ■; in. iit diameter S. decora. 



a- Lealiets ptibescent both sides S. Auciiparia. 



Fur .v^ircics- sec iqi. .;,IS-JJ,t and tlir follnirilig: 



Old World Mouxtalx-Aisii, or Row.v.x-tkei-:. Xorbiis AuriiiKirin L. This is a round-headed 

 tree sometimes ."id or (id ft. in height "with trunk from l-i'/o ft. in diameter growing naturallv 

 in the forests of northern Europe and Asia. It has been extensively planted in this country 

 for ornamental purposes and has become naturalized in places. l.nncs with '.l-1."i oblong to 

 oljlong-lanceolafe leaflets %-2 in. long serrate, entire at base, more or less pubescent both sides 

 especially beneath : lirandilets and petioles pubescent : buds tomeutose. Flun-rrs r.. in. across 

 in mostly tomeutose ior.\rnbs 4-1; in. across. Fruit about ' - in. aiu'oss. 



THE SERVICE-BERRIES. Genus AAIELAXCHIER Medic. 



Ti-ees and shrulis with slender branches and long-pointed buils cmered with closely 

 imbricated scales, the innmanost of which are accrescent. They are of extensive distribution 

 throughout the north temperate regions of both hemispheres. Three arborescent species are 

 known in Xiudh America, two of which arc found in the Atlantic states and the third in the 

 I'acitic coast region and eastward to Lake Superior. 



Larcx deciduous, simide, alternate, petiolate, serrate or entire, pinuately-veined, con- 

 duplicate in the bud: stipules linear, pink and caducous. FJoircrs in racemes with slender 

 bibracteclate jiedicels : i-alvx with campanulate tube, adnate to the ovary, and hve -narrow 

 acute redexed persistent lobes: disk green, uectiferous : petals five, elongated, wdiite, with 

 short chn\-s ■ -liiiiens ninnerous inserted on the rim of the calyx tube with subulate persistent 

 stvles and oid.mg anthers: ovarv infiu'ior with 5 cells each partly divided by a false partition: 

 ■stvles 2-.". uiiiteil and pubescent belnw. sj. reading above, and with truncate stigmas: ovules 

 erect 2 in r'a.li cell Fruit a small bcrrv-like subglobo-c lunnc. ]airiilish or blue when riiie 

 and 'erowncd with the calvx lobes and rcmnnnis of Ihe filaments, with .piicy jileasantly 

 flavored friiii and membranaceous car|iels : seeds .o-KI. oblong, compressed, with brown 

 coriaeeous te^tn, straight embryo and no albumen. 



The iiaiiie is the po]iiilar name of the Euroiiean species in Savoy. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



a Leaves slnirjilv sei-eatc and ,. r^ j • 



Ov.Tte to nv.ie-cbUng, a, aire t-o a,-iiminate at apex A. Canadensis. 



Obloni; tn elli|,ticnl. maite to rounded at aoex A- °{'°.'^*',^'- 



a^ Leaves enaisely dentate towards the rounded a|iex ■*• alnitolia. 



For species see pp. 2.'i2-2Ji3 mid tlir fulluirinfj: 



