PINE FAMILY 



Biitis. — Branch-buds ovate, acute, about one-half 

 an inch long, covered with acute, o\ ate. brown scales, 

 lea\ ing their thickened base as they fall. 



I.fdi'fs. — In clusters of two, stout, bright green, 

 one and one-half to three inches long, twisted, soft, 

 fragrant, serrulate, acute with callous points ; fibro- 

 vascular bundles two. 



I^/o7c'c/'s. — April, May. Staminate flowers in 

 crowded clusters, oblong, one-third of an inch long ; 

 anthers brownish yellow with orbicular denticulate 

 crests ; involucral bracts eight. Pistillate flowers 

 near the middle of the shoot of the year. Sub- 

 globose, scales pale green, owate with long, slender, 

 reddish tips ; scales orbicular- Peduncles long, 

 covered with brown bracts. 



Coih-s. — Lateral, oblong-conical, more or less 

 cur\ed, one to three inches long, persistent for three 

 or lour \ears. Scales nearly flat, thickened at apex, 

 armed with persistent prickles. Seeds oval, pale 

 brown ; wings broadest at middle, dark brown, 

 thin, smooth, one-third of an inch long. 



YELLOW PINE. SHORTLEAF PINE. 

 SPRUCE PINE 



Dnits t(-/niia/a. 



Usually eighty or one hundred feet high, with a tall 

 tapering stem and a short pyramidal head of slender 

 branches. Trunks injured by fire will often produce 

 shoots wliich are co\ered with lanceolate, long- 

 pointed, gray green primar\' lea\es. Ranges in 

 sandy soil from southern Xe«" York to Florida and 

 west to Illinois, Kansas and Texas. Olten forms 

 pure forests. A ^■alual3le timber tree, sometimes 

 worked fir turpentine. Fruits when \er)' young. 



Bark. — Pale reddish brown, irregularly fissured, 

 co\-ered with small appressed scales. Branchlets 

 stout, pale green or purple, glaucous, later become 

 red brown, finally dark brown. 



It'ih'if. — Oi'ange or yellow brown, sapwood nearly 

 white ; varies in quality, the best is heavy, hard, 

 strong, coarse-grained, very resinous. Sp. gr., o. 6104 ; 

 weight of cu. ft.. 3804 lbs. 



Leaves. — liorne in clusters of two, or of three, 



458 



^'ellow Pine, Pi- 



Leaves 3 

 5' long. 



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