PINE FAMILY 



more, become pendulous. The cones are from four to six 

 inches long, beautifully pendent from the tips of the branches. 

 Take it, all in all, it is a very desirable tree, for ornament for 

 hedge or for wind-break. 



The Norway Spruce is the great tree of the Alps. It there 

 reaches the height of one hundred and fifty feet, forms exten- 

 sive forests, endures severe cold and reaches the eleyation 

 of 4,500 feet aboye the sea. Its wood is the white deal of 

 Europe ; its resin, Burgundy pitch. 



HEMLOCK 



Tsu^a ciiihiih'usis. 



A conical evergreen tree, usually sixty or seventy feet high, maxi- 

 mum height one hundred feet. Loves steep rocky banks and narrow 

 river gorges, otten found on mountain sides. Bark rich in tannin. 

 Grows slowly. Ranges from Xo\-a Scotia to }\Iinnesota and through 

 Michigan and Wisconsin, southward to Georgia and Alabama, 

 reaches its largest size on the mountains ot North Carolina and Ten- 

 nessee. 



Bark. — Reddish brown or gray, deeply dixided into ridges cov- 

 ered with closely appressed scales. Branchlets at first pale brown, 

 pubescent, later become darker, finally dark gray brown with purple 

 tinge. 



Wood. — Light brown or white ; light, soft, brittle, coarse, crooked- 

 grained, difficult to work, liable to splinter. Shakes coarse lumber. 

 Sp. gr.. 0.4239 ; weight of cu. ft., 26.42 lbs. 



Winter Buds. — Light brown, obtuse, one-sixteenth of an inch long. 



Loai'o.':. — Linear, flat, obtuse, rounded or emarginate at apex, en- 

 tire or obscurely toothed above the middle, dark yellow green, shin- 

 ing above, hoary beneath, spirally arranged around the branch but 

 appearing two-ranked by the twisting of their petioles, jointed to a 

 very short sterigmata and falling away in drying. One-half to three- 

 fourths of an inch long. Petiole short. 



Floii'crs — April, May. .Moncecious. Staininate flowers axillary, 

 sub-globose, borne on slender stems, about three-eighths of an inch 

 long ; anthers pale ye'low, pistillate flowers one-eighth of an inch 

 long, pale green. Scales short ; bracts broad, laciniate. 



Cones. — Bright red bro«n, suspended on short peduncles, ovate — 

 oblong, acute, three-fourths to one inch long. Remain on branches 

 until spring. Seeds small ■ wings short, broad. 



474 



