A'l TABLE OF CONTEXTS. 



DIVISION II.— THE STKUCTmiE OF THE PLANT A'ND OFFICES 

 OF ITS ORGANS. 



Chap. I.— GENEBALITtES 241 



Organism, Organs ■ 242 



Chap, ri.— Pjbimart ELEMJiNTrs of Organic Stbcctukb 243 



§1. The Vegetable Cell 243 



1 2. Vegetable Tissues 254 



CaAP. m.— VteOBTATIVE 0B6AKS 2B6 



51. TheKoot 266 



Offices of Boot 260 



Apparent SeaSfch for Food 263 



Contact of Roots witli Soil 266 



Absorption by Root 269 



Soil Roots, Water Roots, Air Roots 273 



52. The Stem 282 



Buds 283 



Layers, Tillering 286 



Root-stocks 287 



Tubers 288 



Structure of the Stem 289 



Endogenous Plants 290 



Exogenous Plants 296 



Sieve-cells 303 



{3. Leaves 306 



Leaf Pores. 309 



Exhalation of Water Vapor 311 



Offices of Foliage 314 



chap; rv.— Rbpkoductive Obcaks 315 



§ 1. The Flower 316 



Fertilization 319 



Hybridizing; 324 



Species, varieties 326 



«2. Fruit ^ 330 



Seed 332 



Embryo 333 



5 3. Vitality of seeds and their influence on the Plants 



tneyproduce 335 



Duration of Vitality. 335 



Use of old and unripe seeds 338 



Density of seeds 339 



Absolute weight of seeds 340 



Signs of Excellence 346 



Ancestry. Race-vigor 346 



DIVISION m.— LIFE OF THE PLANT. 

 CHAP. 1.— GBEMINATION 349 



|1. Introductory 349 



1 2. Phenomena of Germination 350 



§ 3. Conditions of Germination 351 



Proper Depth of Sowing. 355 



§4. Chemical Physiology of Germination 357 



Chemistry of Halt ' 368 



CHAP. II.— 1 1. Food of the Plant when Independent of the Seed 366 



§ 2. The Juices of the Plant. Their Nature and Mo vements369 



Flow of Sap". 370 



Composition of Sap 376 



Kinds of Sap 378 



Motion of Nutrient Matters 379 



§3. Causes of Motion of the Juices 385 



Porosity of Tissues 385 



Imbibition 386 



Liquid Dlffu.sion .'.'.'.'.'.'.'390 



Osmose or Membrane Diffusion '.'.'..'. .393 



Root Action [y "399 



Selective Power of Plant ,.., 401 



54. Mechanical effects of Osmose 406 



APPENDIX. 

 Table.— Composition of Agrlettltural Products 409 



