CHAPTER II. 
THE INDIANS WHO FORMERLY 
INHABITED OR VISITED THE 
SITE OF TORONTO. 
By 
ALEXANDER FRANCIS CHAMBERLAIN, 
M.A., Ph.D., 
Professor of Anthropology, Clark University, Worcester, Mass., 
Sometime Fellow in Modern Languages, University College, Toronto. 
Tue region which is now occupied by the 
capital of the Province of Ontario was familiar to 
two of the great Indian peoples of northeastern North 
America. The city’s name, Toronto, although its 
exact derivation has not yet been satisfactorily deter- 
mined, comes from one of the dialects of the Iro- 
quoian stock; and the natives who inhabited the 
western end of Lake Ontario, at the close of the 
eighteenth century, were the Algonkian Mississagas, 
or Mississaugas, whose tribal appellation still sur- 
vives in Mississauga Avenue, in what was formerly 
the village of Parkdale, now a part of the city itself. 
The name is likewise preserved in Old Fort Missis- 
sauga, at the mouth of the Niagara River; Missis- 
sauga River, in the District of Algoma; and Missis- 
sauga Strait, between Manitoulin and Cockburn 
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