NATURAL HISTORY, TORONTO REGION 
the single cell. The galls are found usually in dense 
masses around the stem, and are thus pressed into 
a somewhat elongated and flattened shape. 
Cynips (?) constricta, Stebbins. Host, Quercus 
velutina, Lam. This gall has the form of a sphere 
surmounted by a short cylindrical portion slightly 
constricted at the base. It originates from the mid- 
rib or a principal vein of the leaf. 
Diastrophus cuscutaeformis, O.S. Host Rubus 
villosus, Ait. Many galls are clustered together 
around the stem of dewberry. Each consists of a 
small, hard, spherical mass surmounted by a rosette 
of minute filaments. 
Diastrophus turgidus, Bassett. Host Rubus idaeus 
var. aculeatissimus, Regel and Tiling. Irregular, 
pithy swellings surrounding the stem. 
Diastrophus fusiformis, Ashmead. Host Poten- 
tilla monspeliensis var. norvegica (L.), Rydb. An 
elongated, fusiform swelling of the stem of this 
cinquefoil. 
Dryophanta palustris, O.S. Hosts Quercus ru- 
bra, L., and Quercus velutina, Lam. One of our 
commonest Cynipid galls. Almost as soon as this 
gall emerges from the bud, the larval chamber separ- 
ates from the remainder of the gall. 
Holcaspis globulus, Fitch. Host Quercus alba, L., 
and Holcaspis mamma, Walsh. Host Quercus ma- 
crocarpa, Michx. The former species is a spherical 
gall produced at the nodes of the stem. ‘The latter 
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