CHAPTER XXII. 
INSECTS AND THEIR ALLIES. 
By 
E. M. WALKER, B.A., M.B. 
Jupeina from its insect fauna, Toronto lies 
approximately on the boundary line between the 
Transition and Upper Austral Zones of Merriam. 
A number of species common in the Niagara Penin- 
sula reach their northern limits in about this vicinity, 
particularly in the Don and Humber Valleys and in 
the sandy uplands of High Park and the adjoining 
country. 
Ten years ago it was not necessary for the ento- 
mologist to travel far beyond the city limits in order 
to secure a good representation of the species of any 
order of insects native to the Toronto district. With 
the rapid growth of the suburbs of late years, how- 
ever, many of the old hunting grounds have been 
cut up by new streets and converted into building 
lots, golf-grounds, ete., so that the entomologist must 
now go farther and farther afield in order to provide 
himself with specimens of all the species that once 
were obtainable within the city limits. 
For general collecting the old Belt Line and the 
Humber, Don and Credit Valleys, Highland and 
Black Creeks are to be recommended. For species 
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